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An amenity‐based approach to excellent returning scientists' location choice in China

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  • Jinliao He
  • Yanjiao Song
  • Xianjin Huang
  • Jingxia Lin

Abstract

The rapid increase in the number of returning Chinese scientists in past years has fostered an uneven geography of academic capital in China. Yet, this noteworthy issue has scarcely been discussed in recent literature. This paper attempts to testify whether there is an effect of urban amenities on the location choice of the returning scientists listed by China's Youth Scholar Thousand Talent Plan (YSTTP). Applying a city‐level conditional logit model of skilled migration, it is suggested that YSTTP scientists were substantially driven by urban amenities, such as the scientific environment, and public infrastructures and services for elite residence. In particular, considerable attention was paid to high‐level academic institutions, public transports, healthcare, income, and R&D capability. In contrast, YSTTP scientists were less sensitive to natural amenities and cost of living. Meanwhile, there is evident heterogeneity in the significance of urban amenities among different social groups in terms of their gender, age, whether they choose to work in Alma mater, and where they return from. This study contributes to bridging the current literature of scientific mobility with the amenity‐based approach, and ultimately provides a critical reference for the brain gain policy in China. El rápido aumento del número de científicos chinos que han regresado en los últimos años ha fomentado una geografía desigual del capital académico en China. Sin embargo, esta notable observación apenas se ha debatido en la literatura reciente. Este artículo trata de comprobar si los servicios urbanos influyen en la elección del lugar de residencia de los científicos que regresan y que están incluidos en el Plan de Mil Talentos para Jóvenes Académicos (YSTTP, por sus siglas en inglés) de China. Se aplicó un modelo logit condicional de migración cualificada a nivel de ciudad, que permite sugerir que los científicos del YSTTP se vieron sustancialmente atraídos por los servicios urbanos, como el entorno científico, y las infraestructuras y servicios públicos residenciales para la élite. En particular, se prestó mucha atención a las instituciones académicas de alto nivel, el transporte público, la asistencia sanitaria, los ingresos y la capacidad de I+D. Por otro lado, los científicos del YSTTP fueron menos influidos por los servicios naturales y el coste de la vida. Además, existe una evidente heterogeneidad en la importancia de los servicios urbanos entre los distintos grupos sociales en función de su sexo, edad, si eligen trabajar en su alma mater y de dónde regresan. Este estudio contribuye como un nexo entre la literatura actual sobre la movilidad científica y el enfoque basado en los servicios que, en última instancia, proporciona una referencia clave para la política de captación de cerebros en China. 中国では、ここ数年で帰国する中国人科学者の数が急増したことにより、学術的資本の地理的な偏りが拡大している。ところが、この注目すべき問題は、最近の研究論文ではほとんど取り上げられていない。本稿では、中国の「千人計画(Youth Scholar Thousand Talent Plan:YSTTP)」に名前が掲載されている帰国した科学者の立地選択において、都市部のアメニティが影響しているかどうかを検討する。高技能者の移住の都市レベル条件付きロジットモデルから、YSTTPの科学者らは実質的に、研究環境、公共インフラと高級住宅の向けのサービスなどの都市部のアメニティに動機付けられていることが示唆される。特に、高度な学術機関、公共交通機関、医療、収入、研究開発の可能性が重視されている。一方で、YSTTPの科学者らは、自然のアメニティや生活費にほとんど注意していない。しかしながら、性別、年齢、母校で働くかどうか、帰国する前の居住地などの点が異なる社会的集団によって都市部のアメニティの重要性は大きく異なっている。本稿は、アメニティに基づくアプローチによる科学者の移動の現在の研究の空白を埋めることに寄与し、結果的に中国の頭脳獲得政策に役立つ重要な参考文献となるものである。

Suggested Citation

  • Jinliao He & Yanjiao Song & Xianjin Huang & Jingxia Lin, 2022. "An amenity‐based approach to excellent returning scientists' location choice in China," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 101(5), pages 1181-1197, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:presci:v:101:y:2022:i:5:p:1181-1197
    DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12695
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