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Interstate Banking Deregulation And The Changing Nature Of Bank Mergers

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  • David A. Becher
  • Terry L. Campbell

Abstract

We examine a sample of 443 bank mergers between publicly traded banks announced during the 1990s to investigate empirically the role of full interstate banking deregulation. The pre‐deregulation 1990s are characterized by value creation, with mergers involving a high degree of branch overlap experiencing significant announcement gains. Bank mergers in the post‐deregulation 1990s, however, fail to create value, and mergers with a high degree of branch overlap actually experience significant losses. Consistent with prior research, these valuation consequences are magnified for large bank mergers in the 1990s. Overall, our results are consistent with the broader literature on corporate control, suggesting that an economic shock can materially alter industry structure and the economic rationale for the efficient reallocation of assets through merger activity.

Suggested Citation

  • David A. Becher & Terry L. Campbell, 2005. "Interstate Banking Deregulation And The Changing Nature Of Bank Mergers," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 28(1), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jfnres:v:28:y:2005:i:1:p:1-20
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6803.2005.00111.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Leledakis, George & Mamatzakis, Emmanuel & Pirgiotakis, Manos & Travlos, Nikolaos, 2017. "What twenty years of regulations have to say about M&As of U.S. banks?," MPRA Paper 82977, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Meng-Chun Kao & Chien-Ting Lin & Lei Xu, 2012. "Do Financial Reforms Improve the Performance of Financial Holding Companies? The Case of T aiwan," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 12(4), pages 491-509, December.
    3. Ana Lozano-Vivas & Miguel A. Meléndez-Jiménez & Antonio J. Morales, 2016. "Branching Deregulation and Merger Optimality," Manchester School, University of Manchester, vol. 84(2), pages 270-295, March.
    4. Robert DeYoung & Douglas Evanoff & Philip Molyneux, 2009. "Mergers and Acquisitions of Financial Institutions: A Review of the Post-2000 Literature," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 36(2), pages 87-110, December.
    5. Cornett, Marcia Millon & Fayman, Alex & Marcus, Alan J. & Tehranian, Hassan, 2011. "Dividends, maturity, and acquisitions: Evidence from a sample of bank IPOs," Review of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 20(1), pages 11-21, January.
    6. Leledakis, George N. & Pyrgiotakis, Emmanouil G., 2022. "U.S. bank M&As in the post-Dodd–Frank Act era: Do they create value?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    7. Valkanov, Emil & Kleimeier, Stefanie, 2007. "The role of regulatory capital in international bank mergers and acquisitions," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 50-68, January.
    8. Srinivasan, Shweta, 2020. "Foreign competition and acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    9. Alessandrini, Pietro & Calcagnini, Giorgio & Zazzaro, Alberto, 2008. "Asset restructuring strategies in bank acquisitions: Does distance between dealing partners matter?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(5), pages 699-713, May.
    10. Luke Petach, 2020. "Local financialization, household debt, and the great recession," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 99(3), pages 807-839, June.
    11. Anderson, Christopher W. & Becher, David A. & Campbell, Terry II, 2004. "Bank mergers, the market for bank CEOs, and managerial incentives," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 6-27, January.
    12. Yiannis Anagnostopoulos & George Alexandrou & Hardy M. Thomas, 2024. "European banking M&As: The role of financial advisors," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 63(4), pages 1193-1231, November.
    13. Julapa Jagtiani, 2008. "Understanding the effects of the merger boom on community banks," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, vol. 93(Q II), pages 29-48.
    14. Marcia Millon Cornett & Alex Fayman & Alan J. Marcus & Hassan Tehranian, 2011. "Dividends, maturity, and acquisitions: Evidence from a sample of bank IPOs," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(1), pages 11-21, January.

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