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Does Urban Concentration/Dispersion Affect Immigrants' Professional Opportunities? The case of the Porto Metropolitan Area

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  • EMÍLIA MALCATA REBELO

Abstract

This article aims to test the hypothesis that urban concentration/dispersion characteristics exert an influence on the social and professional attainment levels reached by different immigrant groups in northern Portugal. I propose a theoretical and empirical methodology for analysing the impact that concentrated or dispersed neighbourhoods exert on immigrants' social and professional opportunities. The latter are assessed in terms of professional success, and a relationship is established between the professional levels reached by different immigrant groups and the territorial characteristics inherent to each group, as well as current concentration/dispersion patterns of land use. I also design an integrated information system to monitor the access of different population groups to professional opportunities, and to support municipal decisions in matters of immigrants' social, economic and cultural integration. Then I discuss how joint territorial planning policies, urbanization processes, ethnic features, the labour and housing markets and sociological assimilation networks have performed in Portugal's northern region in general, and the Porto metropolitan area in particular, both in launching local strategic economic development and in successfully integrating immigrants within the professional socio‐economic fabric. Résumé Cet article teste l'hypothèse selon laquelle les caractéristiques de la concentration‐dispersion urbaine exercent une influence sur les niveaux sociaux et professionnels atteints par différents groupes d'immigrants dans le nord du Portugal. Une méthodologie théorique et empirique est proposée pour analyser l'impact des quartiers, selon leur concentration ou dispersion, sur les opportunités sociales et professionnelles des immigrants. Ces dernières sont évaluées en termes de réussite professionnelle, et un lien est établi entre les niveaux professionnels atteints par différents groupes d'immigrants et les caractéristiques territoriales propres à chaque groupe, ainsi que les schémas d'occupation des sols en termes de concentration‐dispersion. De plus, un système d'information intégré est créé pour suivre l'accès des différents groupes de population aux opportunités professionnelles, et accompagner les décisions municipales en matière d'intégration sociale, économique et culturelle des immigrants. Est ensuite analysée la manière dont les politiques conjointes d'aménagement territorial, les processus d'urbanisation, les caractères ethniques, les marchés du travail et du logement, et les réseaux d'assimilation sociologique ont fonctionné dans la région nord du Portugal en général, et dans la zone métropolitaine de Porto en particulier, à la fois en insufflant un développement économique stratégique local et en réussissant à intégrer les immigrants dans le tissu socio‐économique professionnel.

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  • Emília Malcata Rebelo, 2010. "Does Urban Concentration/Dispersion Affect Immigrants' Professional Opportunities? The case of the Porto Metropolitan Area," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(3), pages 586-610, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:34:y:2010:i:3:p:586-610
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2010.00909.x
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