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How Efficient is the French Less‐Favoured Area Programme?

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  • Dominique Vollet
  • Alessandra Kirsch

Abstract

Evaluation of the French Less Favoured Area (LFA) agricultural programme over the period 2007–2013 calls into question the cost‐efficiency of this multi‐objective programme. This article confirms the multiplicity of objectives assigned to this programme, namely to maintain a sustainable agriculture in mountainous areas through income support for farmers in these disadvantaged areas; and thus more indirectly, to enhance the attractiveness of these agricultural areas. The environmental assessment of farms in the FADN network showed that the French LFA programme did help to support the most environmentally friendly dairy and cattle farms in mountainous areas via support for the income levels of these livestock farms. However, the analysis also shows that the LFA criteria are not sufficiently specific to have the required impacts on grassland management practices that would lead to specific defined environmentally friendly practices and improvements. Overall, and in spite of its longstanding and multi‐objective nature, the French LFA programme has been effective both from an economic perspective in that it inspires confidence among economic agents; and also to some extent from a general environmental perspective by providing support for farms which hold most of the permanent grassland, and associated amenities. L’évaluation du programme agricole français en faveur des zones défavorisées sur la période 2007–2013 remet en question le rapport coût‐efficacité de ce programme à objectifs multiples. Cet article confirme la multiplicité des objectifs assignés à ce programme, à savoir: maintenir une agriculture durable dans les zones montagneuses grâce au soutien des revenus des agriculteurs de ces zones défavorisées; et donc plus indirectement, renforcer l'attractivité de ces zones agricoles. L’évaluation environnementale des exploitations du réseau RICA a montré que le programme français en faveur des zones défavorisées contribuait effectivement à aider, dans les zones montagneuses, les exploitations laitières et d’élevage bovin les plus respectueuses de l'environnement en soutenant leur niveau de revenu. Cependant, l'analyse montre également que les critères du programme ne sont pas suffisamment spécifiques pour avoir les impacts requis sur les pratiques de gestion des prairies, permettant de conduire à des pratiques respectueuses de l'environnement préalablement définies et à des améliorations en la matière. Globalement, et malgré sa longévité et ses objectifs multiples, le programme en faveur des zones défavorisées français s'est révélé efficace tant du point de vue économique en ce qu'il inspire confiance aux agents économiques; que, dans une certaine mesure, d'un point de vue environnemental général, en fournissant un soutien aux exploitations qui possèdent la plupart des prairies permanentes et les aménités associées. Die Bewertung des französischen Förderprogramms für benachteiligte Gebiete (LFA) im Zeitraum der Jahre 2007 bis 2013 wirft die Frage nach der Kosteneffizienz dieses Programms mit seinen vielfältigen Zielen auf. Der vorliegende Beitrag bestätigt die zahlreichen Zielsetzungen in diesem Programm, nämlich den Erhalt einer nachhaltigen Landwirtschaft in Bergregionen. Als Instrument diente eine Einkommensstützung für landwirtschaftliche Betriebe in diesen benachteiligten Gebieten, wodurch auf indirektem Weg auch die Attraktivität dieser landwirtschaftlichen Regionen gefördert wird. Die Analyse von Betrieben aus dem InformationsNetz Landwirtschaftlicher Buchführungen (INLB) ergab, dass das Programm durch eine am Einkommen orientierte Beihilfe diejenigen Milchvieh‐ und Rinderhaltungsbetriebe in den Bergregionen förderte, die am umweltfreundlichsten wirtschafteten. Auf der anderen Seite zeigt die Analyse jedoch, dass die Kriterien für benachteiligte Gebiete nicht spezifisch genug sind. Dadurch treten nicht die erforderlichen Wirkungen auf die Grünlandbewirtschaftung ein, die zu bestimmten, genau definierten umweltfreundlichen Praktiken und zu Verbesserungen führen würden. Insgesamt war das französische Förderprogramm für benachteiligte Gebiete ‐ trotz seiner langjährigen Laufzeit und den vielfältigen Zielsetzungen ‐ aus ökonomischer Sicht wirksam, da es die Vertrauensbildung zwischen Wirtschaftsakteuren angeregt hat. Auch aus allgemeiner ökologischer Sicht war das Programm in gewisser Weise erfolgreich, da es die Betriebe, die den größten Anteil an Dauergrünland und die damit verbundene Ausstattung besitzen, unterstützt hat.

Suggested Citation

  • Dominique Vollet & Alessandra Kirsch, 2019. "How Efficient is the French Less‐Favoured Area Programme?," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 18(3), pages 10-17, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:18:y:2019:i:3:p:10-17
    DOI: 10.1111/1746-692X.12241
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stefan Mann & Simon Lanz, 2013. "Happy Tinbergen: Switzerland's New Direct Payment System," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 12(3), pages 24-28, December.
    2. Chabé-Ferret, Sylvain & Subervie, Julie, 2013. "How much green for the buck? Estimating additional and windfall effects of French agro-environmental schemes by DID-matching," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 65(1), pages 12-27.
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