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Producer Surplus without Apology? Evaluating Investments in R&D

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  • Martin, Will
  • Alston, Julian M

Abstract

Comparison of producer surplus with definitive measures based on the profit function reveals potential problems with using changes in producer surplus to measure the benefits of some common types of technical change. Some illustrative applications indicate that the conventional producer surplus measures may seriously underestimate the change in profit induced by new technology, depending on the characteristics of the underlying technology which define the nature of the supply function, and the nature of the technical change. The authors provide guidelines for identifying cases where producer surplus will underestimate producer research benefits and suggest alternative measures. Copyright 1997 by The Economic Society of Australia.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin, Will & Alston, Julian M, 1997. "Producer Surplus without Apology? Evaluating Investments in R&D," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 73(221), pages 146-158, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:ecorec:v:73:y:1997:i:221:p:146-58
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    Cited by:

    1. Hertel, Thomas W. & Martin, William J. & Leister, Amanda M., 2010. "Potential Implications of a Special Safeguard Mechanism in the WTO: the Case of Wheat," 2010 Annual Meeting, July 25-27, 2010, Denver, Colorado 61000, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    2. Hill, Debbie J. & O'Donnell, Christopher J. & Piggott, Roley R. & Griffith, Garry R., 2000. "The Dual Approach to Research Evaluation:A Simplified Empirical Illustration," 2000 Conference (44th), January 23-25, 2000, Sydney, Australia 123661, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    3. Dey, Madan Mohan & Kumar, Praduman & Chen, Oai Li & Khan, Md. Akhtaruzzaman & Barik, Nagesh Kumar & Li, Luping & Nissapa, Ayut & Pham, Ngoc Sao, 2013. "Potential impact of genetically improved carp strains in Asia," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 306-320.
    4. Martin, Will, 2000. "Reducing carbon dioxide emissions through joint implementation of projects," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2359, The World Bank.
    5. Venables, Anthony J. & Maloney, William & Kokko, Ari & Bravo Ortega, Claudio & Lederman, Daniel & Rigobón, Roberto & De Gregorio, José & Czelusta, Jesse & Jayasuriya, Shamila A. & Blomström, Magnus & , 2007. "Natural Resources: Neither Curse nor Destiny," IDB Publications (Books), Inter-American Development Bank, number 350, May.
    6. Alston, Julian M. & Freebairn, John W. & James, Jennifer S., 2004. "Levy-funded research choices by producers and society," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 48(1), pages 1-32.
    7. Philip G. Pardey & Julian M. Alston & Connie Chan-Kang & Eduardo C. Magalhães & Stephen A. Vosti, 2006. "International and Institutional R&D Spillovers: Attribution of Benefits among Sources for Brazil's New Crop Varieties," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 88(1), pages 104-123.
    8. Gregg Frasco & Chulho Jung, 2001. "When producer surplus underestimates rents," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 29(4), pages 393-405, December.
    9. Karagiannis, Giannis & Furtan, William Hartley, 2002. "The Effects of Supply Shifts on Producers' Surplus: the Case of Inelastic Linear Supply Curves," Agricultural Economics Review, Greek Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 3(1), pages 1-7, January.
    10. Strappazzon, Loris & Eigenraam, Mark & Wimalasuriya, Rukman & Stoneham, Gary, 2002. "Estimating Research Benefits When there is Input and Output Substitution: An Applied Analysis," 2002 Conference (46th), February 13-15, 2002, Canberra, Australia 125167, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    11. Pardey, Philip G. & Alston, Julian M. & Chan-Kang, Connie & Magalhães, Eduardo C. & Vosti, Stephen A., 2002. "Assessing and attributing the benefits from varietal improvement research: evidence from Embrapa, Brazil," EPTD discussion papers 95, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    12. Martin, Will, 2005. "Outgrowing resource dependence theory and some recent developments," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3482, The World Bank.
    13. Giannis Karagiannis & Christos J. Pantzios, 2002. "To Comply or not to Comply with Policy Regulations ‐ the Case of Greek Cotton Growers: a Note," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(2), pages 345-351, July.
    14. Nakelse, Tebila & Dalton, Timothy J. & Hendricks, Nathan P. & Hodjo, Manzamasso, 2018. "Are smallholder farmers better or worse off from an increase in the international price of cereals?," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 213-223.
    15. Gregg Frasco, 2002. "A comparison of rents and producer surplus when industry input supply functions are interdependent," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 30(4), pages 403-413, December.
    16. Hoekman, Bernard & Martin, Will, 2012. "Reducing distortions in international commodity markets : an agenda for multilateral cooperation," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5928, The World Bank.
    17. Venables, Anthony J. & Maloney, William & Kokko, Ari & Bravo Ortega, Claudio & Lederman, Daniel & Rigobón, Roberto & De Gregorio, José & Czelusta, Jesse & Jayasuriya, Shamila A. & Blomström, Magnus & , 2007. "Natural Resources: Neither Curse nor Destiny," IDB Publications (Books), Inter-American Development Bank, number 350, June.
    18. Templeton, Deborah J. & Griffith, Garry R. & Piggott, Roley R. & O'Donnell, Christopher J., 2004. "Measuring the Impact of Staple Strength-Enhancing Technologies on Australian Wool Producer Profits: A Duality-Based Approach," Working Papers 12922, University of New England, School of Economics.
    19. George Verikios, 2006. "Understanding the World Wool Market: Trade, Productivity and Grower Incomes. Part 5: Relative Returns to Australian Wool Producers of On- and Off-Farm Research," Economics Discussion / Working Papers 06-23, The University of Western Australia, Department of Economics.
    20. Daniel Lederman & William F. Maloney, 2007. "Natural Resources : Neither Curse nor Destiny," World Bank Publications, The World Bank, number 7183, September.
      • Anthony J. Venables & William Maloney & Ari Kokko & Claudio Bravo Ortega & Daniel Lederman & Roberto Rigobón & José De Gregorio & Jesse Czelusta & Shamila A. Jayasuriya & Magnus Blomström & L. Colin X, 2007. "Natural Resources: Neither Curse nor Destiny," IDB Publications (Books), Inter-American Development Bank, number 59538 edited by William Maloney & Daniel Lederman, February.
    21. Ivanic, Maros & Martin, Will, 2018. "Sectoral Productivity Growth and Poverty Reduction: National and Global Impacts," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 429-439.

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