IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/ecinqu/v59y2021i2p648-661.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Lending Competition And Loan Sales: A Macroeconomic Analysis Under Directed Search

Author

Listed:
  • Kevin X. D. Huang
  • Zhe Li
  • Jianfei Sun

Abstract

We present a macroeconomic analysis of loan sales driven by bank competition in lending and entrepreneur directed search for funding opportunities. We show how these two features of our macrofinance model can interact to reduce interest rates on loans financed via on‐balance‐sheet activities, and how this can motivate loan sales as a strategy of financing via off‐balance‐sheet activities. The results shed some light on the shift over the years preceding the global financial crisis in the practice of U.S. and European banks, from the traditional “originate‐to‐hold” model of credit provision, toward the “originate‐to‐distribute” approach for credit extension. (JEL E44, G21, G24).

Suggested Citation

  • Kevin X. D. Huang & Zhe Li & Jianfei Sun, 2021. "Lending Competition And Loan Sales: A Macroeconomic Analysis Under Directed Search," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 59(2), pages 648-661, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ecinqu:v:59:y:2021:i:2:p:648-661
    DOI: 10.1111/ecin.12963
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12963
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/ecin.12963?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. repec:bla:jfinan:v:43:y:1988:i:2:p:375-96 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Rebecca S. Demsetz, 2000. "Bank Loan Sales: A New Look At The Motivations For Secondary Market Activity," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 23(2), pages 197-222, June.
    3. David M. Frankel & Yu Jin, 2015. "Securitization and Lending Competition," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 82(4), pages 1383-1408.
    4. Jung‐Hyun Ahn, 2010. "Loan Sales and Loan Market Competition," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 10(2), pages 241-262, June.
    5. Shouyong Shi, 2009. "Directed Search for Equilibrium Wage-Tenure Contracts," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 77(2), pages 561-584, March.
    6. Carlstrom, Charles T. & Samolyk, Katherine A., 1995. "Loan sales as a response to market-based capital constraints," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 19(3-4), pages 627-646, June.
    7. Peters, Michael, 1984. "Bertrand Equilibrium with Capacity Constraints and Restricted Mobility," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 52(5), pages 1117-1127, September.
    8. Bonaccorsi di Patti, Emilia & Dell'Ariccia, Giovanni, 2004. "Bank Competition and Firm Creation," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 36(2), pages 225-251, April.
    9. Lummer, Scott L. & McConnell, John J., 1989. "Further evidence on the bank lending process and the capital-market response to bank loan agreements," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 25(1), pages 99-122, November.
    10. Hakenes, Hendrik & Schnabel, Isabel, 2010. "Credit risk transfer and bank competition," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 19(3), pages 308-332, July.
    11. Wagner, Wolf & Marsh, Ian W., 2006. "Credit risk transfer and financial sector stability," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 2(2), pages 173-193, June.
    12. Guangying Xie, 2020. "How Firms' Ownership Structure Impacts Online Peer-to-Peer Lending Performance in China," Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities, Higher Education Press, vol. 15(1), pages 70-102, March.
    13. Allen, Franklin & Carletti, Elena, 2006. "Credit risk transfer and contagion," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 89-111, January.
    14. Amir Sufi, 2009. "The Real Effects of Debt Certification: Evidence from the Introduction of Bank Loan Ratings," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(4), pages 1659-1691, April.
    15. Christine A. Pavel & David Phillis, 1987. "Why commercial banks sell loans: an empirical analysis," Proceedings 152, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    16. Kenneth Burdett & Shouyong Shi & Randall Wright, 2001. "Pricing and Matching with Frictions," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 109(5), pages 1060-1085, October.
    17. Duffee, Gregory R. & Zhou, Chunsheng, 2001. "Credit derivatives in banking: Useful tools for managing risk?," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 25-54, August.
    18. Rajan, Raghuram G & Zingales, Luigi, 1998. "Financial Dependence and Growth," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 88(3), pages 559-586, June.
    19. Jung-Hyun Ahn, 2010. "Loan Sales and Loan Market Competition," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 10(Financial), pages 241-262.
    20. Elena Loutskina & Philip E. Strahan, 2009. "Securitization and the Declining Impact of Bank Finance on Loan Supply: Evidence from Mortgage Originations," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 64(2), pages 861-889, April.
    21. Gabriele Camera & Cemil Selcuk, 2009. "Price Dispersion with Directed Search," Journal of the European Economic Association, MIT Press, vol. 7(6), pages 1193-1224, December.
    22. Gorton, Gary B. & Pennacchi, George G., 1995. "Banks and loan sales Marketing nonmarketable assets," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 389-411, June.
    23. Arnold, Michael A, 2000. "Costly Search, Capacity Constraints, and Bertrand Equilibrium Price Dispersion," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 41(1), pages 117-131, February.
    24. Mitchell A. Petersen & Raghuram G. Rajan, 1995. "The Effect of Credit Market Competition on Lending Relationships," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 110(2), pages 407-443.
    25. Vitaly M. Bord & João A. C. Santos, 2012. "The rise of the originate-to-distribute model and the role of banks in financial intermediation," Economic Policy Review, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, issue Jul, pages 21-34.
    26. Charles Calomiris & Joseph Mason, 2004. "Credit Card Securitization and Regulatory Arbitrage," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 26(1), pages 5-27, August.
    27. Ben Bernanke & Mark Gertler, 1990. "Financial Fragility and Economic Performance," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 105(1), pages 87-114.
    28. Michael Faulkender & Mitchell A. Petersen, 2006. "Does the Source of Capital Affect Capital Structure?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 19(1), pages 45-79.
    29. A. Burak Güner, 2006. "Loan Sales and the Cost of Corporate Borrowing," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 19(2), pages 687-716.
    30. Christine A. Parlour & Guillaume Plantin, 2008. "Loan Sales and Relationship Banking," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 63(3), pages 1291-1314, June.
    31. Acharya, Viral V. & Schnabl, Philipp & Suarez, Gustavo, 2013. "Securitization without risk transfer," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(3), pages 515-536.
    32. Lawrence J. Christiano & Roberto Motto & Massimo Rostagno, 2014. "Risk Shocks," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 104(1), pages 27-65, January.
    33. Randall Wright & Philipp Kircher & Benoit Julîen & Veronica Guerrieri, 2017. "Directed Search: A Guided Tour," NBER Working Papers 23884, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    34. Christine A. Pavel & David Phillis, 1987. "Why commercial banks sell loans: an empirical analysis," Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, vol. 11(May), pages 3-14.
    35. Christine Parlour & Guillaume Plantin, 2008. "Loan Sales and Relationship Banking," Post-Print hal-03415832, HAL.
    36. Jung-Hyun Ahn & Régis Breton, 2010. "Securitization, competition and efficiency," Post-Print hal-00650848, HAL.
    37. Steven Drucker & Manju Puri, 2009. "On Loan Sales, Loan Contracting, and Lending Relationships," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(7), pages 2635-2672, July.
    38. Rajan, Raghuram G, 1992. "Insiders and Outsiders: The Choice between Informed and Arm's-Length Debt," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 47(4), pages 1367-1400, September.
    39. Barbara Casu & Andrew Clare & Anna Sarkisyan & Stephen Thomas, 2011. "Does securitization reduce credit risk taking? Empirical evidence from US bank holding companies," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(9-10), pages 769-788, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Miguel Casares & Luca G. Deidda & Jose E. Galdon‐Sanchez, 2023. "On financial frictions and firm's market power," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 61(4), pages 982-1005, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kevin x.d. Huang & Zhe Li & Jianfei Sun, 2018. "Bank Competition, Directed Search, and Loan Sales," Vanderbilt University Department of Economics Working Papers 18-00001, Vanderbilt University Department of Economics.
    2. Li, Zhe & Sun, Jianfei, 2011. "Bank competition, securitization and risky investment," MPRA Paper 34173, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Ahn, Jung-Hyun & Breton, Régis, 2014. "Securitization, competition and monitoring," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 195-210.
    4. Affinito, Massimiliano & Tagliaferri, Edoardo, 2010. "Why do (or did?) banks securitize their loans? Evidence from Italy," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 6(4), pages 189-202, December.
    5. Arping, Stefan, 2014. "Credit protection and lending relationships," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 10(C), pages 7-19.
    6. Helder Ferreira de Mendonça & Vívian Íris Barcelos, 2021. "Securitization of assets and risk transfer in a large emerging market: Evidence from Brazil," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 73(4), pages 580-605, October.
    7. Chen, Zhizhen & Liu, Frank Hong & Opong, Kwaku & Zhou, Mingming, 2017. "Short-term safety or long-term failure? Empirical evidence of the impact of securitization on bank risk," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 48-74.
    8. Liu, Luke, 2011. "Securitization and moral hazard: Does security price matter?," MPRA Paper 35004, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Chiesa, Gabriella, 2008. "Optimal credit risk transfer, monitored finance, and banks," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 17(4), pages 464-477, October.
    10. Gabriella Chiesa, 2015. "Bankruptcy Remoteness and Incentive‐compatible Securitization," Financial Markets, Institutions & Instruments, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 24(2-3), pages 241-265, May.
    11. Cerasi, Vittoria & Rochet, Jean-Charles, 2014. "Rethinking the regulatory treatment of securitization," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 10(C), pages 20-31.
    12. Committee, Nobel Prize, 2022. "Financial Intermediation and the Economy," Nobel Prize in Economics documents 2022-2, Nobel Prize Committee.
    13. Ongena, Steven & Kara, Alper & Marqués-Ibáñez, David, 2011. "Securitization and lending standards: evidence from the wholesale loan market," Working Paper Series 1362, European Central Bank.
    14. Beyhaghi, Mehdi & Massoud, Nadia & Saunders, Anthony, 2017. "Why and how do banks lay off credit risk? The choice between retention, loan sales and credit default swaps," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 335-355.
    15. Alper Kara & Aydin Ozkan & Yener Altunbas, 2016. "Securitisation and banking risk: what do we know so far?," Review of Behavioral Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 8(1), pages 2-16, June.
    16. Wengerek, Sascha Tobias & Hippert, Benjamin & Uhde, André, 2022. "Risk allocation through securitization: Evidence from non-performing loans," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 48-64.
    17. Augustin, Patrick & Subrahmanyam, Marti G. & Tang, Dragon Yongjun & Wang, Sarah Qian, 2014. "Credit Default Swaps: A Survey," Foundations and Trends(R) in Finance, now publishers, vol. 9(1-2), pages 1-196, December.
    18. Santos, João A.C. & Nigro, Peter, 2009. "Is the secondary loan market valuable to borrowers?," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(4), pages 1410-1428, November.
    19. Kara, Alper & Marques-Ibanez, David & Ongena, Steven, 2016. "Securitization and lending standards: Evidence from the European wholesale loan market," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 107-127.
    20. Davide Castellani, 2018. "Mortgage†backed Securitization and SME Lending During the Financial and Economic Crisis: Evidence from the Italian Cooperative Banking System," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 47(1), pages 187-222, February.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G24 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Investment Banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:ecinqu:v:59:y:2021:i:2:p:648-661. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/weaaaea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.