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Wheat stocks and the cointegration of wheat prices

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  • Peter Slade
  • Richard Gray

Abstract

We examine the effect of wheat stocks on the relationship between port and inland wheat prices in western Canada after the dissolution of the Canadian Wheat Board in 2012. Standard statistical tests find no evidence that the port price is cointegrated with inland prices. We argue that large harvests in 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 are responsible for this lack of cointegration. A simple theoretical model demonstrates how wheat stocks drive a wedge between inland and port prices. After including wheat stocks in the cointegrating vector, we find the expected cointegrating relationships between the port and inland prices. Using an error correction model, we show that a 10% increase in the wheat stocks reduces producer prices in Alberta and Manitoba by 6% and 4%, respectively. We conclude by discussing policy options for reducing the size of wheat stocks on the prairies. Nous examinons les effets des réserves de blé sur la relation entre ses prix portuaires et intérieurs dans l'ouest canadien suivant la dissolution de la Commission canadienne du blé en 2012. Des tests statistiques normalisés ne montrent pas la cointégration des prix portuaires aux prix intérieurs. Nous postulons que les récoltes abondantes de 2013–2014 et de 2014–2015 sont responsables pour cette absence de cointégration. Un modèle théorique simple démontre comment les réserves de blé creusent le fossé entre les prix portuaires et intérieurs. Après avoir intégré les réserves de blé au vecteur de cointégration, nous retrouvons la relation cointégrée attendue entre les prix portuaires et intérieurs. Au moyen d'un modèle à correction d'erreurs, nous démontrons qu'une augmentation de 10% des réserves de blé réduit les prix des producteurs en Alberta et au Manitoba de 6% et 4%, respectivement. Nous concluons par une discussion concernant les diverses potentielles politiques visant la réduction des réserves de blé sur la prairies.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Slade & Richard Gray, 2019. "Wheat stocks and the cointegration of wheat prices," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 67(1), pages 103-114, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:canjag:v:67:y:2019:i:1:p:103-114
    DOI: 10.1111/cjag.12181
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    2. Jacob Wells & Peter Slade, 2021. "The effect of the Canada–China canola trade dispute on canola prices," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 69(1), pages 141-149, March.
    3. Peter Slade & Patrick Lloyd-Smith & Tristan Skolrud, 2020. "The Effect of Carbon Tax on Farm Income: Comment," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 77(2), pages 335-344, October.
    4. Curtis McKnight & Feng Qiu & Marty Luckert & Grant Hauer, 2021. "Prices for a second‐generation biofuel industry in Canada: Market linkages between Canadian wheat and US energy and agricultural commodities," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 69(3), pages 337-351, September.

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