IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/afrdev/v32y2020i4p744-757.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investigating the factors affecting nonperforming loans in commercial banks: The case of African lower middle‐income countries

Author

Listed:
  • Odunayo Magret Olarewaju

Abstract

A nonperforming loan refers to a loan that is not paid as and when due, and it is a significant issue that banks need to keenly consider for them to exist and be stable. There are several factors accountable for nonperforming loans; some are firm‐specific, while others are macroeconomic factors. The study of banking sector stability is a foundation of modern macroeconomic policy of a bank‐based economy. In this view, this study aims to investigate the determining factors from both perspectives. This study used the dynamic panel regression analysis on 110 commercial banks from nine countries for the years 2010–2017 and a total of 880 observations were examined. The system generalized method of moments found that lagged nonperforming loan, lending rate, capital adequacy, credit growth, cost income ratio, as well as real interest rate, were the significant factors affecting nonperforming loans in lower middle‐income countries’ banking sector. Hence, it is recommended that commercial banks ought to establish regulations to amend their policies regarding credit advancement in alignment with the factors highlighted above. Also, banks need to ensure their loaned‐out funds are dedicated to the envisioned purpose via improved credit monitoring that would spur economic sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Odunayo Magret Olarewaju, 2020. "Investigating the factors affecting nonperforming loans in commercial banks: The case of African lower middle‐income countries," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 32(4), pages 744-757, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:afrdev:v:32:y:2020:i:4:p:744-757
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.12475
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8268.12475
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/1467-8268.12475?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Berger, Allen N. & DeYoung, Robert, 1997. "Problem loans and cost efficiency in commercial banks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 21(6), pages 849-870, June.
    2. Trust R. Mpofu & Eftychia Nikolaidou, 2018. "Determinants of Credit Risk in the Banking system in Sub-Saharan Africa," School of Economics Macroeconomic Discussion Paper Series 2018-04, School of Economics, University of Cape Town.
    3. Oghenovo A. Obrimah, 2015. "Can Interactions between Financing and Investment Activities Have Dissimilar Effects on Inflation and Exchange Rates?," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 27(1), pages 41-51, March.
    4. Frank Iyekoretin Ogbeide & Oluwafemi Mathew Adeboje, 2020. "Effects of financial reform on business entry in sub‐Saharan African countries: Do resource dependence and institutional quality matter?," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 32(2), pages 188-199, June.
    5. Pathan, Shams & Faff, Robert, 2013. "Does board structure in banks really affect their performance?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 1573-1589.
    6. Franklin Amuakwa-Mensah & Angela Boakye-Adjei, 2015. "Determinants of non-performing loans in Ghana banking industry," International Journal of Computational Economics and Econometrics, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 5(1), pages 35-54.
    7. Akinlo, Anthony E. & Sulola, Abiola O., 2019. "Health care expenditure and infant mortality in sub-Saharan Africa," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 168-178.
    8. Irum Saba & Rehana Kouser & Muhammad Azeem, 2012. "Determinants of Non Performing Loans: Case of US Banking Sector," Romanian Economic Journal, Department of International Business and Economics from the Academy of Economic Studies Bucharest, vol. 15(44), pages 125-136, June.
    9. David Roodman, 2009. "How to do xtabond2: An introduction to difference and system GMM in Stata," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 9(1), pages 86-136, March.
    10. Gashaw Tsegaye Ayele, 2015. "Microfinance Institutions in Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda: Loan Outreach to the Poor and the Quest for Financial Viability," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 27(2), pages 117-129, June.
    11. Swamy, Vighneswara, 2012. "Impact of Macroeconomic and Endogenous Factors on Non-Performing Bank Assets," MPRA Paper 47517, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Md. Shahidul ISLAM & Shin-Ichi NISHIYAMA, 2016. "The Determinants of Non-performing Loans: Dynamic Panel Evidence from South Asian Countries," DSSR Discussion Papers 64, Graduate School of Economics and Management, Tohoku University.
    13. Beck, Thorsten & Cull, Robert & Fuchs, Michael & Getenga, Jared & Gatere, Peter & Randa, John & Trandafir, Mircea, 2010. "Banking sector stability, efficiency, and outreach in Kenya," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5442, The World Bank.
    14. Ghosh, Amit, 2015. "Banking-industry specific and regional economic determinants of non-performing loans: Evidence from US states," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 93-104.
    15. Gifty Adjei-Mensah & Mohammed Amidu & Joshua Yindenaba Abor, 2015. "Executive Compensation, Ownership Structure and Loan Quality of Banks in Ghana," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 27(3), pages 331-341, September.
    16. Joseph Olorunfemi Akande & Farai Kwenda, 2017. "Competition and Stability of Sub-Saharan African Commercial Banks; a GMM Analysis," Acta Universitatis Danubius. OEconomica, Danubius University of Galati, issue 13(2), pages 122-138, April.
    17. Zhang, Dayong & Cai, Jing & Dickinson, David G. & Kutan, Ali M., 2016. "Non-performing loans, moral hazard and regulation of the Chinese commercial banking system," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 48-60.
    18. Mr. Mauro Mecagni & Daniela Marchettini & Mr. Rodolfo Maino, 2015. "Evolving Banking Trends in Sub-Saharan Africa: Key Features and Challenges," IMF Departmental Papers / Policy Papers 2015/010, International Monetary Fund.
    19. Hayakawa, Kazuhiko, 2015. "The Asymptotic Properties Of The System Gmm Estimator In Dynamic Panel Data Models When Both N And T Are Large," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 31(3), pages 647-667, June.
    20. Philip Kofi Adom & Fidelis Zumah & Abdul Wahab Mubarik & Afia Boatenmaa Ntodi & Charles Nathaniel Darko, 2015. "Analysing Inflation Dynamics in Ghana," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 27(1), pages 1-13, March.
    21. Ozili, PK, 2015. "How Bank Managers Anticipate Non-Performing Loans. Evidence from Europe, US, Asia and Africa," MPRA Paper 63681, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    22. Trust R. Mpofu & Eftychia Nikolaidou, 2019. "Macroeconomic and bank-specific determinants of non-performing loans in sub-Saharan Africa," School of Economics Macroeconomic Discussion Paper Series 2019-02, School of Economics, University of Cape Town.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Polina Popova, 2024. "COVID-19, Corporate Non-performing Loans, and Corporate Lending Dynamics: Evidence from Russian Regions," HSE Working papers WP BRP 93/FE/2024, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
    2. Evans Kulu, 2023. "Financial stability gap and private investment nexus: Evidence from sub‐Saharan Africa," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 35(2), pages 239-250, June.
    3. Ines Ghazouani & Nadia Basty, 2023. "Is the relationship between bank stability, competition, and intervention quality nonlinear? Evidence from North African countries," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 35(1), pages 38-51, March.
    4. Abdoulganiour Almame Tinta & Erdjouman Jean Sanou, 2021. "Les Déterminants des Prêts Non Performants du Système Bancaire de l'UMOA," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 33(2), pages 276-287, June.
    5. Yolanda S. Stander, 2023. "The Governance and Disclosure of IFRS 9 Economic Scenarios," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-27, January.
    6. Segun Thompson Bolarinwa & Anthony Enisan Akinlo, 2022. "Determinants of nonperforming loans after recapitalization in the Nigerian banking industry: Does competition matter?," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 34(3), pages 309-323, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Brei, Michael & Jacolin, Luc & Noah, Alphonse, 2020. "Credit risk and bank competition in Sub-Saharan Africa," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 44(C).
    2. Samaresh Bardhan & Rajesh Sharma & Vivekananda Mukherjee, 2019. "Threshold Effect of Bank-specific Determinants of Non-performing Assets: An Application in Indian Banking," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 18(1_suppl), pages 1-34, April.
    3. Mehmet Levent Erdas & Zeynep Ezanoglu, 2022. "How Do Bank-Specific Factors Impact Non-Performing Loans: Evidence from G20 Countries," Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, Central bank of Montenegro, vol. 11(2), pages 97-122.
    4. Sascha Tobias Wengerek & Benjamin Hippert & André Uhde, 2019. "Risk allocation through securitization - Evidence from non-performing loans," Working Papers Dissertations 58, Paderborn University, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics.
    5. Laxmi Koju & Ram Koju & Shouyang Wang, 2018. "Does Banking Management Affect Credit Risk? Evidence from the Indian Banking System," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-11, July.
    6. Vyshnevskyi, Iegor & Sohn, Wook, 2023. "Nonperforming loans and related lending: Evidence from Ukraine," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    7. Imad Jabbouri & Maryem Naili, 2020. "Determinants of Nonperforming Loans in Emerging Markets: Evidence from the MENA Region," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(04), pages 1-33, February.
    8. Pancotto, Livia & ap Gwilym, Owain & Williams, Jonathan, 2024. "The evolution and determinants of the non-performing loan burden in Italian banking," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    9. Dimitrios Anastasiou & Helen Louri & Mike Tsionas, 2019. "Nonperforming loans in the euro area: Are core–periphery banking markets fragmented?," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 24(1), pages 97-112, January.
    10. Burim Gashi, 2021. "Impact of Bank Specific and Macro Determinants on Non-performing Loans of Polish Banking Sector," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 7, pages 129-147.
    11. Suarez, Javier & Sánchez Serrano, Antonio, 2018. "Approaching non-performing loans from a macroprudential angle," Report of the Advisory Scientific Committee 7, European Systemic Risk Board.
    12. Katuka, Blessing, 2017. "Credit risk dynamics in listed local banks in Zimbabwe (2009-2013)," MPRA Paper 92687, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2017.
    13. Samuel Fosu & Albert Danso & Henry Agyei-Boapeah & Collins G. Ntim & Emmanuel Adegbite, 2020. "Credit information sharing and loan default in developing countries: the moderating effect of banking market concentration and national governance quality," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 55(1), pages 55-103, July.
    14. Usman Bashir & Shoaib Khan & Abdulhafiz Jones & Muntazir Hussain, 2021. "Do banking system transparency and market structure affect financial stability of Chinese banks?," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 54(1), pages 1-41, February.
    15. Pallavi Chavan & Leonardo Gambacorta, 2016. "Bank lending and loan quality: the case of India," BIS Working Papers 595, Bank for International Settlements.
    16. Petr Jakubik & Eyup Kadioglu, 2022. "Factors affecting bank loan quality: a panel analysis of emerging markets," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 437-458, July.
    17. Vincenzo D'Apice & Franco Fiordelisi & Giovanni W. Puopolo, 2020. "Judicial Efficiency and Lending Quality," CSEF Working Papers 588, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy.
    18. Anastasiou, Dimitrios, 2017. "Is ex-post credit risk affected by the cycles? The case of Italian banks," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 242-248.
    19. Pallavi Chavan & Leonardo Gambacorta, 2019. "Bank lending and loan quality: an emerging economy perspective," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 57(1), pages 1-29, July.
    20. Wengerek, Sascha Tobias & Hippert, Benjamin & Uhde, André, 2022. "Risk allocation through securitization: Evidence from non-performing loans," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 48-64.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:afrdev:v:32:y:2020:i:4:p:744-757. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/afdbgci.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.