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Cumulative prevalence of maltreatment among New Zealand children, 1998–2015

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  • Rouland, B.
  • Vaithianathan, R.

Abstract

Objectives. To document, via linked administrative data, the cumulative prevalence among New Zealand children of notifications to child protective services (CPS), substantiated maltreatment cases, and out-of-home placements. Methods. We followed all children born in New Zealand in 1998 until the end of 2015 (an overall sample of 55 443 children). We determined the cumulative frequencies of notifications, substantiated maltreatment cases (by subtype), and first entries into foster care from birth through the age of 17 years. We also decomposed CPS involvement by gender. Results. We found that almost 1 in 4 children had been subject to at least 1 report to CPS at age 17 years (23.5%), and 9.7% had been a victim of substantiated abuse or neglect. We also found that 3.1% had experienced out-of-home placements by age 17 years, with boys being more affected. Conclusions. Both notifications and substantiated child maltreatment are more common in New Zealand than is generally recognized, with the incidence of notifications higher than the incidence of medicated asthma among children and the prevalence of substantiations similar to the prevalence of obesity. © 2018 American Public Health Association Inc. All rights reserved.

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  • Rouland, B. & Vaithianathan, R., 2018. "Cumulative prevalence of maltreatment among New Zealand children, 1998–2015," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 108(4), pages 511-513.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2017.304258_2
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2017.304258
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    Cited by:

    1. Emily Keddell, 2019. "Algorithmic Justice in Child Protection: Statistical Fairness, Social Justice and the Implications for Practice," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-22, October.
    2. Malvaso, Catia G. & Delfabbro, Paul H., 2020. "Description and evaluation of a trial program aimed at reunifying adolescents in statutory long-term out-of-home care with their birth families: The adolescent reunification program," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    3. Emily Keddell & Gabrielle Davie, 2018. "Inequalities and Child Protection System Contact in Aotearoa New Zealand: Developing a Conceptual Framework and Research Agenda," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 7(6), pages 1-14, June.
    4. Bilson, Andy & Munro, Elizabeth Hunter, 2019. "Adoption and child protection trends for children aged under five in England: Increasing investigations and hidden separation of children from their parents," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 204-211.
    5. Walsh, Matthew C. & Joyce, Sophie & Maloney, Tim & Vaithianathan, Rhema, 2020. "Exploring the protective factors of children and families identified at highest risk of adverse childhood experiences by a predictive risk model: An analysis of the growing up in New Zealand cohort," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    6. Keddell, Emily & Davie, Gabrielle & Barson, Dave, 2019. "Child protection inequalities in Aotearoa New Zealand: Social gradient and the ‘inverse intervention law’," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 1-1.
    7. Kelly, Patrick & Chan, Carol & Reed, Peter & Ritchie, Miranda, 2020. "The national child protection alert system in New Zealand: A prospective multi-centre study of inter-rater agreement," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    8. Anthony Bald & Joseph J. Doyle Jr. & Max Gross & Brian A. Jacob, 2022. "Economics of Foster Care," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 36(2), pages 223-246, Spring.
    9. Borgen, Nicolai T. & Frønes, Ivar & Raaum, Oddbjørn, 2023. "Every tenth child: Heterogeneity in characteristics and life-course patterns among children in contact with child welfare services," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    10. Ryan Cooper & Joseph Doyle & Andres Hojman, 2023. "Legal aid in child welfare: Evidence from a randomized trial of Mi Abogado," POID Working Papers 077, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    11. Jill R. McTavish & Christine McKee & Masako Tanaka & Harriet L. MacMillan, 2022. "Child Welfare Reform: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-24, October.
    12. Petra Gram Cavalca & Mette Ejrnæs & Mette Gørtz, 2022. "Before and after out-of-home placement: Child health, education and crime," CEBI working paper series 22-22, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. The Center for Economic Behavior and Inequality (CEBI).

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