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Przemiany systemów pieniężnych – od kruszcu do walut cyfrowych

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  • Paweł Marszałek

Abstract

Począwszy od historycznie pierwszych rodzajów systemów pieniężnych, opartych na pieniądzu kruszcowym, aż po upowszechnienie się pieniądza w pełni fiducjarnego, w konstrukcji i funkcjonowaniu tych systemów można wyróżnić pewne swoiste trendy. Najważniejszymi spośród nich były postępująca dematerializacja pieniądza oraz umacnianie państwowego (rządowego) monopolu monetarnego. Obie tendencje stały się jeszcze wyraźniejsze w ostatnich trzech dekadach wraz z wpływem na systemy pieniężne takich zjawisk jak globalizacja, finansyzacja czy postęp technologiczny. Jednocześnie w ostatnich latach zmiany w systemach pieniężnych, wskutek splotu zarówno tych, jak i zupełnie nowych zjawisk i procesów, przyspieszyły, wpływając na właściwości współczesnego pieniądza i działanie banków centralnych. W tym kontekście celem artykułu jest charakterystyka obu wspomnianych tendencji w zakresie ewolucji pieniądza i banków centralnych oraz przybliżenie konsekwencji, jakie te procesy miały i mają dla kształtu systemów pieniężnych oraz dalszego ich rozwoju.

Suggested Citation

  • Paweł Marszałek, 2024. "Przemiany systemów pieniężnych – od kruszcu do walut cyfrowych," Ekonomista, Polskie Towarzystwo Ekonomiczne, issue 1, pages 73-92.
    • Handle: RePEc:aoq:ekonom:y:2024:i:1:p:73-92
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    pieniądz; postęp technologiczny; system pieniężny; waluty cyfrowe banków centralnych;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Sytsems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General
    • F33 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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