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The Axiomatic Approach to Risk Measures for Capital Determination

Author

Listed:
  • Hans Föllmer

    (Institut für Mathematik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany)

  • Stefan Weber

    (Institut für Mathematische Stochastik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany)

Abstract

The quantification of downside risk in terms of capital requirements is a key issue for both regulators and the financial industry. This review presents the axiomatic approach, which is based on monetary risk measures. These provide a unifying mathematical framework for the determination of capital requirements, for economic indices of riskiness, and for the analysis of preferences in the face of risk and Knightian uncertainty. In the special case of distribution-based risk measures, we review recent advances in characterizing their statistical properties such as elicitability and robustness.

Suggested Citation

  • Hans Föllmer & Stefan Weber, 2015. "The Axiomatic Approach to Risk Measures for Capital Determination," Annual Review of Financial Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 7(1), pages 301-337, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:anr:refeco:v:7:y:2015:p:301-337
    DOI: 10.1146/annurev-financial-111914-042031
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Wei Wang & Huifu Xu & Tiejun Ma, 2020. "Quantitative Statistical Robustness for Tail-Dependent Law Invariant Risk Measures," Papers 2006.15491, arXiv.org.
    2. Fernanda Maria Müller & Thalles Weber Gössling & Samuel Solgon Santos & Marcelo Brutti Righi, 2024. "A comparison of Range Value at Risk (RVaR) forecasting models," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(3), pages 509-543, April.
    3. Gilles Boevi Koumou & Georges Dionne, 2022. "Coherent Diversification Measures in Portfolio Theory: An Axiomatic Foundation," Risks, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-19, October.
    4. Weber, Stefan, 2018. "Solvency II, or how to sweep the downside risk under the carpet," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 191-200.
    5. Heller, Yuval & Schreiber, Amnon, 2020. "Short-term investments and indices of risk," Theoretical Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 15(3), July.
    6. Cosimo Munari & Stefan Weber & Lutz Wilhelmy, 2023. "Capital requirements and claims recovery: A new perspective on solvency regulation," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 90(2), pages 329-380, June.
    7. George Tzagkarakis & Frantz Maurer, 2023. "Horizon-Adaptive Extreme Risk Quantification for Cryptocurrency Assets," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 62(3), pages 1251-1286, October.
    8. Zhaolin Hu & Dali Zhang, 2018. "Utility‐based shortfall risk: Efficient computations via Monte Carlo," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 65(5), pages 378-392, August.
    9. Rafael Frongillo & Ian A. Kash, 2015. "Elicitation Complexity of Statistical Properties," Papers 1506.07212, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2020.
    10. Ludger Overbeck & Florian Schindler, 2021. "Scalar systemic risk measures and Aumann-Shapley allocations," Papers 2112.06534, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2022.
    11. Furman, Edward & Wang, Ruodu & Zitikis, Ričardas, 2017. "Gini-type measures of risk and variability: Gini shortfall, capital allocations, and heavy-tailed risks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 70-84.
    12. Tobias Fissler & Jana Hlavinov'a & Birgit Rudloff, 2019. "Elicitability and Identifiability of Systemic Risk Measures," Papers 1907.01306, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2019.
    13. Righi, Marcelo Brutti & Müller, Fernanda Maria & Moresco, Marlon Ruoso, 2020. "On a robust risk measurement approach for capital determination errors minimization," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 199-211.
    14. Marcelo Brutti Righi, 2019. "A composition between risk and deviation measures," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 282(1), pages 299-313, November.
    15. Marcelo Brutti Righi & Fernanda Maria Muller & Marlon Ruoso Moresco, 2022. "A risk measurement approach from risk-averse stochastic optimization of score functions," Papers 2208.14809, arXiv.org, revised May 2023.
    16. Soren Bettels & Sojung Kim & Stefan Weber, 2022. "Multinomial Backtesting of Distortion Risk Measures," Papers 2201.06319, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2024.
    17. George Tzagkarakis & Frantz Maurer, 2020. "An energy-based measure for long-run horizon risk quantification," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 289(2), pages 363-390, June.
    18. Gregor Svindland & Alexander Vo{ss}, 2023. "Decision-Making Frameworks for Network Resilience -- Managing and Mitigating Systemic (Cyber) Risk," Papers 2312.13884, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2024.
    19. José Garrido & Ramin Okhrati, 2018. "Desirable Portfolios in Fixed Income Markets: Application to Credit Risk Premiums," Risks, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-21, March.
    20. Marcelo Brutti Righi, 2018. "A theory for combinations of risk measures," Papers 1807.01977, arXiv.org, revised May 2023.
    21. Xue Dong He & Xianhua Peng, 2017. "Surplus-Invariant, Law-Invariant, and Conic Acceptance Sets Must be the Sets Induced by Value-at-Risk," Papers 1707.05596, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2018.
    22. Martin Herdegen & Nazem Khan, 2022. "$\rho$-arbitrage and $\rho$-consistent pricing for star-shaped risk measures," Papers 2202.07610, arXiv.org, revised May 2024.
    23. Yan, Jun, 2015. "Deviations of convex and coherent entropic risk measures," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 56-66.
    24. Yuval Heller & Amnon Schreiber, 2020. "Short-Term Investments and Indices of Risk," Papers 2005.06576, arXiv.org.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    capital requirements; elicitability; indices of riskiness; monetary risk measures; robustness; variational preferences;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C44 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Operations Research; Statistical Decision Theory
    • C5 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling
    • D81 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G1 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets
    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services

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