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Electoral impacts of uncovering public school quality: Evidence from Brazilian municipalities

Author

Listed:
  • Sergio Firpo

    (Insper)

  • Renan Pieri

    (Insper)

  • André Portela Souza

    (EESP-FGV, Brazil)

Abstract

Sistemas de school accountability que estabelecem a adoc¸ão de incentivos para professores e gestores geralmente impactam positivamente o desempenho dos alunos. No entanto, em muitas circunstâncias, sistemas de school accountability podem enfrentar restric¸ões institucionais para estabelecer recompensas e sanc¸ões para os administradores. Nesse aspecto, o sistema brasileiro de school accountability é um exemplo interessante: a maioria das escolas públicas com primário são administradas por funcionários municipais e o governo federal não pode impor a adopc¸ão de incentivos ao nível local. Entretanto, devido ao fato de os prefeitos dos municípios brasileiros serem os principais responsáveis pela educac¸ão primária pública, evidencia-se nas eleic¸ões locais de 2008, apenas alguns meses após a publicac¸ão da segunda onda de uma nova avaliac¸ão das escolas públicas pelo governo federal, prefeitos tornaram-se eleitoralmente responsáveis por não melhorar a qualidade da escola. Os resultados mostram que, em média, um aumento de um ponto em um índice de escala 0-10 entre 2005 e 2007 aumentou cerca de 5 pontos percentuais a probabilidade de reeleic¸ão dos prefeitos. Este efeito é ainda maior em localidades com menor renda per capita e aquelas em que a frac¸ão de crianc¸as em idade escolar é maior. Portanto, a responsabilizac¸ão eleitoral pode desempenhar um papel complementar em sistemas de school accountability, algo que ainda não foi totalmente exploradi pelas literaturas de educac¸ão, economia política e ciência política

Suggested Citation

  • Sergio Firpo & Renan Pieri & André Portela Souza, 2017. "Electoral impacts of uncovering public school quality: Evidence from Brazilian municipalities," Economia, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pós-Graduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics], vol. 17(1), pages 1-17.
    • Handle: RePEc:anp:econom:v:18:y:2017:1:1_17
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Besley, Timothy & Smart, Michael, 2007. "Fiscal restraints and voter welfare," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(3-4), pages 755-773, April.
    2. Akhmed Akhmedov & Ekaterina Zhuravskaya, 2004. "Opportunistic Political Cycles: Test in a Young Democracy Setting," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 119(4), pages 1301-1338.
    3. Ferraz, Claudio & Finan, Frederico & Moreira, Diana B., 2012. "Corrupting learning," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(9-10), pages 712-726.
    4. Drazen, Allan & Eslava, Marcela, 2010. "Electoral manipulation via voter-friendly spending: Theory and evidence," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(1), pages 39-52, May.
    5. Marcos Chamon & João Manoel Pinho de Mello & Sergio Firpo, 2008. "Electoral rules, political competition and fiscal spending : regression discontinuity evidence from Brazilian municipalities," Textos para discussão 559, Department of Economics PUC-Rio (Brazil).
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    Cited by:

    1. Camargo, Braz & Camelo, Rafael & Firpo, Sergio & Ponczek, Vladimir, 2014. "Information, Market Incentives, and Student Performance," IZA Discussion Papers 7941, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Tavares, José & Mesquita Gabriel, José & Pereira Dos Santos, Joao, 2020. "Leave them Kids Alone! National Exams as a Political Tool," CEPR Discussion Papers 14374, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    3. Loreto Cox & Sylvia Eyzaguirre & Francisco Gallego & Maximiliano García, 2020. "Punishing Mayors Who Fail the Test: How do Voters Respond to Information on Educational Outcomes?," Documentos de Trabajo 555, Instituto de Economia. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile..
    4. João Pereira dos Santos & José Tavares & José Mesquita, 2021. "Leave them kids alone! National exams as a political tool," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 189(3), pages 405-426, December.
    5. Kalinca Léia Becker, 2023. "An analysis of Fundeb's contribution to the quality of public education in Brazilian municipalities," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(2), pages 879-896, May.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Educac¸ão pública; Sistemas de responsabilizac¸ão escolar e eleitoral; Eleic¸ões para reeleic¸ão de prefeitos;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H11 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Structure and Scope of Government
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy

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