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Still a Barrier to Trade? A Review of

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  • Westra, Sabrina

Abstract

Since the FDA’s adoption of HACCP standards in 1997, there has been concern that these standards have continuously acted as a barrier to trade for seafood exports from developing countries. This study compares trade data of seafood exports to the U.S with the refusal data from the FDA, in order to determine if there is a continuous negative effect of the FDA’s stringent standards on trade across the top seafood exporting countries to the U.S. Overall, it is found that the bulk of seafood refusals are from developing countries, notably a small group of lower‐middle income Asian countries who are also some of the largest exporters of seafood to the U.S. Relative to how much they trade, developing countries actually have had better or roughly equivalent compliance rates at the U.S border, and there were no differential effects found on the impact of refusals on trade for any of the top seafood exporting countries. Learning was not observed with this data for any of the top exporting countries to the U.S, implying more research may be required at the firm level in these countries to continue studying ‘standards as barriers’.

Suggested Citation

  • Westra, Sabrina, 2011. "Still a Barrier to Trade? A Review of," SS-AAEA Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 2011, pages 1-18.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:ssaaea:187004
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.187004
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    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/187004/files/Sabrina%20Westra.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Anders, Sven M. & Caswell, Julie A., 2008. "AJAE Appendix for Standards as Barriers versus Standards as Catalysts: Assessing the Impact of HACCP Implementation on U.S. Seafood Imports," American Journal of Agricultural Economics APPENDICES, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 91(2), pages 1-3, August.
    3. Unknown, 2003. "International Trade And Food Safety: Economic Theory And Case Studies," Agricultural Economic Reports 33941, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    4. Buzby, Jean C. & Regmi, Anita, 2009. "FDA Refusals of Food Imports by Exporting Country Group," Choices: The Magazine of Food, Farm, and Resource Issues, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 24(2), pages 1-5.
    5. Nguyen, Anh Van Thi & Wilson, Norbert L.W., 2009. "Effects of Food Safety Standards on Seafood Exports to US, EU and Japan," 2009 Annual Meeting, January 31-February 3, 2009, Atlanta, Georgia 46758, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.
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