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Local Employment Growth, Migration, and Public Land Policy: Evidence from the Northwest Forest Plan

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  • Eichman, Henry
  • Hunt, Gary L.
  • Kerkvliet, Joe
  • Plantinga, Andrew J.

Abstract

Debates over protecting public land reveal two views. Some argue protection reduces commodity production, reducing local employment and increasing out-migration. Others contend protection produces amenities that support job growth and attract migrants. We test these competing views for the Northwest Forest Plan (NWFP), which reallocated 11 million acres of federal land from timber production to protecting old-growth forest species. We find evidence that land protection directly reduced local employment growth and increased net migration. The total negative effect on employment was offset only slightly by positive migration-driven effects. Employment losses were concentrated in metropolitan counties, but percentage losses were higher in rural counties.

Suggested Citation

  • Eichman, Henry & Hunt, Gary L. & Kerkvliet, Joe & Plantinga, Andrew J., 2010. "Local Employment Growth, Migration, and Public Land Policy: Evidence from the Northwest Forest Plan," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 35(2), pages 1-18, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:jlaare:93222
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.93222
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    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/93222/files/JARE_Aug2010__09_pp316-333.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Diana M. Burton, 1997. "An Astructural Analysis of National Forest Policy and Employment," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 79(3), pages 964-974.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ferris, Ann E. & Frank, Eyal G., 2021. "Labor market impacts of land protection: The Northern Spotted Owl," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    2. Reynaert, Mathias & Souza-Rodrigues, Eduardo & van Benthem, Arthur A., 2024. "The environmental impacts of protected area policy," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    3. Plantinga, Andrew J. & Détang-Dessendre, Cécile & Hunt, Gary L. & Piguet, Virginie, 2013. "Housing prices and inter-urban migration," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 296-306.
    4. Yong Chen & David J. Lewis & Bruce Weber, 2021. "Natural amenities and skill sorting in rural communities: a case study of land conservation policy," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 67(3), pages 649-669, December.
    5. Malone, Trey & Melstrom, Richard T., 2020. "Where’s the beef? Cattle producers’ response to endangered species listings," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    6. Matthew Gnagey & Therese Grijalva, 2018. "The impact of trails on property values: a spatial analysis," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 60(1), pages 73-97, January.
    7. Li, Xiaomeng & Huang, Siyu & Chen, Jiawei & Chen, Qinghua, 2020. "Analysis of the driving factors of U.S. domestic population mobility," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 539(C).
    8. Partridge, Mark D. & Rickman, Dan S., 2012. "Integrating regional economic development analysis and land use economics," MPRA Paper 38291, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Melstrom, Richard T., 2017. "Where to drill? The petroleum industry's response to an endangered species listing," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 320-327.
    10. Shang Xu & H. Allen Klaiber & Daniela A. Miteva, 2023. "Impacts of forest conservation on local agricultural labor supply: Evidence from the Indonesian forest moratorium," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 105(3), pages 940-965, May.
    11. Melstrom, Richard T., 2017. "The petroleum industry's response to an endangered species listing," 2017 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 1, Chicago, Illinois 258281, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    12. Jakus, Paul M. & Akhundjanov, Sherzod B., 2019. "The Antiquities Act, national monuments, and the regional economy," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 102-117.
    13. Kim, Danya & Marcouiller, David W., 2021. "The role of public lands in local economies of the US Lake States: A spatial simultaneous equation approach," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    14. Pugliese, Andrew & McCann, Laura & Artz, Georgeanne, 2015. "Impacts of national forests in the West on county population and employment," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 62-69.
    15. Yong Chen & David J. Lewis & Bruce Weber, 2016. "Conservation Land Amenities And Regional Economies: A Postmatching Difference-In-Differences Analysis Of The Northwest Forest Plan," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 56(3), pages 373-394, June.
    16. Chen, Yong & Weber, Bruce A., 2012. "Federal Forest Policy and Its Impact on Income and Wealth in Rural Communities," 2012 Annual Meeting, August 12-14, 2012, Seattle, Washington 124954, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    17. Rasker, Ray & Gude, Patricia H. & Delorey, Mark, 2013. "The Effect of Protected Federal Lands on Economic Prosperity in the Non-metropolitan West," Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, Mid-Continent Regional Science Association, vol. 43(2).
    18. Christian Langpap & Joe Kerkvliet & Jason F Shogren, 2018. "The Economics of the U.S. Endangered Species Act: A Review of Recent Developments," Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 12(1), pages 69-91.

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