IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ags/ijofsd/346720.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Exploring Product Diversification: the Case of Contract and Non-contract Farmers in the Philippine Cavendish Banana Value Chain

Author

Listed:
  • Limpoco, Marie Analiz April A.
  • Digal, Larry N.

Abstract

Uncertainties arising from market fluctuations limit choices of banana famers under contracts. However, they can opt not to renew their contracts with multi-national firms to sell to spot market or diversify. This paper examines optimal portfolio of Cavendish banana products of contract and non-contract farmers under uncertainty. We explore the effect of diversification by including banana flour from rejects aside from fresh banana. Constrained M-estimation of parameters and robust portfolio optimization results show that (1) non-contract farms benefit more from diversifying compared to contract farms; and (2) prices are higher for non-contract farms but profits are lower compared to contract farms.

Suggested Citation

  • Limpoco, Marie Analiz April A. & Digal, Larry N., 2023. "Exploring Product Diversification: the Case of Contract and Non-contract Farmers in the Philippine Cavendish Banana Value Chain," International Journal on Food System Dynamics, International Center for Management, Communication, and Research, vol. 14(04), December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:ijofsd:346720
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.346720
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/346720/files/EXPLORING%20PRODUCT%20DIVERSIFICATION%20THE%20CASE.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22004/ag.econ.346720?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Briones, Roehlano M., 2015. "Small Farmers in High-Value Chains: Binding or Relaxing Constraints to Inclusive Growth?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 43-52.
    2. Marc F. Bellemare & Lindsey Novak, 2017. "Contract Farming and Food Security," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 99(2), pages 357-378.
    3. Larry N. Digal, 2007. "Agricultural Contracts in Mindanao : the Case of Banana and Pineapple," Development Economics Working Papers 22629, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
    4. Dimitris Bertsimas & Melvyn Sim, 2004. "The Price of Robustness," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 52(1), pages 35-53, February.
    5. Ton, Giel & Vellema, Wytse & Desiere, Sam & Weituschat, Sophia & D'Haese, Marijke, 2018. "Contract farming for improving smallholder incomes: What can we learn from effectiveness studies?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 46-64.
    6. Paut, Raphaël & Sabatier, Rodolphe & Tchamitchian, Marc, 2019. "Reducing risk through crop diversification: An application of portfolio theory to diversified horticultural systems," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 123-130.
    7. Anderson, Edward & Monjardino, Marta, 2019. "Contract design in agriculture supply chains with random yield," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 277(3), pages 1072-1082.
    8. Marijke D'haese & Wim Verbeke & Guido Van Huylenbroeck & Johann Kirsten & Luc D'haese, 2005. "New Institutional Arrangements for Rural Development: The Case of Local Woolgrowers' Associations in the Transkei Area, South Africa," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(8), pages 1444-1466.
    9. Guillaume Soullier & Paule Moustier, 2018. "Impacts of contract farming in domestic grain chains on farmer income and food insecurity. Contrasted evidence from Senegal," Post-Print hal-02621852, HAL.
    10. Victor DeMiguel & Francisco J. Nogales, 2009. "Portfolio Selection with Robust Estimation," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 57(3), pages 560-577, June.
    11. Keijiro Otsuka & Yuko Nakano & Kazushi Takahashi, 2016. "Contract Farming in Developed and Developing Countries," Annual Review of Resource Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 8(1), pages 353-376, October.
    12. Digal, Larry N., 2007. "Agricultural Contracts in Mindanao: the Case of Banana and Pineapple," Discussion Papers DP 2007-24, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    13. Gina Porter & Kevin Phillips‐Howard, 1995. "Farmers, labourers and the company: Exploring relationships on a Transkei contract farming scheme," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(1), pages 55-73.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Khan, Muhammad Fawad & Nakano, Yuko & Kurosaki, Takashi, 2019. "Impact of contract farming on land productivity and income of maize and potato growers in Pakistan," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 28-39.
    2. Arouna, Aminou & Michler, Jeffrey D. & Lokossou, Jourdain C., 2021. "Contract farming and rural transformation: Evidence from a field experiment in Benin," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    3. Otsuka, Keijiro & Ali, Mubarik, 2020. "Strategy for the development of agro-based clusters," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 20(C).
    4. Bellemare, Marc F. & Bloem, Jeffrey R., 2018. "Does contract farming improve welfare? A review," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 259-271.
    5. Mai Chiem Tuyen & Prapinwadee Sirisupluxana & Isriya Bunyasiri & Pham Xuan Hung, 2022. "Perceptions, Problems and Prospects of Contract Farming: Insights from Rice Production in Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-22, September.
    6. Viet Hoang & Vinh Nguyen, 2023. "Determinants of small farmers' participation in contract farming in developing countries: A study in Vietnam," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(3), pages 836-853, July.
    7. Marc F. Bellemare, 2018. "Contract farming: opportunity cost and trade†offs," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 49(3), pages 279-288, May.
    8. Bethelhem Legesse Debela & Anette Ruml & Matin Qaim, 2022. "Effects of contract farming on diets and nutrition in Ghana," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 44(2), pages 911-929, June.
    9. Mai Chiem Tuyen & Prapinwadee Sirisupluxana & Isriya Bunyasiri & Pham Xuan Hung, 2022. "Stakeholders’ Preferences towards Contract Attributes: Evidence from Rice Production in Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-21, March.
    10. Brendel Lewnsky Chuma & Cecil Togarepi & Benisiu Thomas, 2024. "Participation of smallholder farmers in cattle contract farming: a systematic review," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 4(11), pages 1-23, November.
    11. Odountan Ambaliou Olounlade & Gu-Cheng Li & Sènakpon E. Haroll Kokoye & François Vihôdé Dossouhoui & Kuassi Auxence Aristide Akpa & Dessalegn Anshiso & Gauthier Biaou, 2020. "Impact of Participation in Contract Farming on Smallholder Farmers’ Income and Food Security in Rural Benin: PSM and LATE Parameter Combined," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-19, January.
    12. Debela, Bethelhem Legesse & Ruml, Anette & Qaim, Matin, 2021. "The Effects of Contract Farming on Diets and Nutrition in Ghana," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315186, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    13. Delelegne A. Tefera & Jos Bijman, 2021. "Economics of contracts in African food systems: evidence from the malt barley sector in Ethiopia," Agricultural and Food Economics, Springer;Italian Society of Agricultural Economics (SIDEA), vol. 9(1), pages 1-21, December.
    14. Ruml, Anette & Qaim, Matin, 2020. "Effects of marketing contracts and resource-providing contracts in the African small farm sector: Insights from oil palm production in Ghana," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    15. Ruml, Anette & Debela, Bethelhem Legesse & Qaim, Matin, 2021. "The effects of contract farming on diets and nutrition in Ghana," 2021 Allied Social Sciences Association (ASSA) Annual Meeting (Virtual), January 3-5, 2021, San Diego, California 307959, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    16. Viet Hoang, 2021. "Impact of Contract Farming on Farmers’ Income in the Food Value Chain: A Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Study in Vietnam," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-16, August.
    17. Anette Ruml & Matin Qaim, 2021. "New evidence regarding the effects of contract farming on agricultural labor use," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 52(1), pages 51-66, January.
    18. Anette Ruml & Catherine Ragasa & Matin Qaim, 2022. "Contract farming, contract design and smallholder livelihoods," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 66(1), pages 24-43, January.
    19. Ogutu, Sylvester Ochieng & Ochieng, Dennis O. & Qaim, Matin, 2020. "Supermarket contracts and smallholder farmers: Implications for income and multidimensional poverty," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    20. Bhanot, Disha & Kathuria, Vinish & Das, Debabrata, 2021. "Can institutional innovations in agri-marketing channels alleviate distress selling? Evidence from India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:ijofsd:346720. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: AgEcon Search (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/centmde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.