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Weiß der Verbraucher wirklich, welche Qualität er kauft? Eine Studie zur Qualitätserwartung an Prüfzeichen

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  • Kubitzki, Sabine
  • Krischik-Bautz, Stephanie

Abstract

Prüfzeichen für Lebensmittel sind ein wichtiges Instrument verbraucherschutzpolitischer Maßnahmen und dienen den Herstellern zur Qualitätsdifferenzierung am Produktmarkt. Aufgrund bestehender Zweifel an der Wirksamkeit von Prüfzeichen vergleicht der vorliegende Beitrag am Beispiel der Zeichen QS, CMA und BIO die tatsächliche, durch die Siegel garantierte Qualität mit der von den Verbrauchern erwarteten Qualität. Das QS- und insbesondere das Bio-Siegel fordern eine spezifische Prozessqualität und zeichnen sich durch ein hohes Kontroll- und Sanktionsniveau aus. Das CMA-Prüfzeichen garantierte bis zu seiner Einstellung im Jahr 2009 eine bestimmte sensorische Produktqualität mit weniger strengen Kontroll- und Sanktionsmechanismen. Die Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Online-Befragung zeigen, dass sich die Verbrauchererwartung an die Qualität und Sicherheit von Lebensmitteln mit dem CMA- und QS-Prüfsiegel nicht signifikant unterscheidet, obwohl das QS-Zeichen eine höhere Prozessqualität garantiert. Das CMA-Zeichen kann sich durch Regionalität als ideelle Dimension der Qualität absetzen, während sich das Bio-Siegel durch die materielle Qualitätsdimension mit dem Schwerpunkt auf Sicherheit und Qualität auszeichnet. Man kann schlussfolgern, dass durch positiv besetzte ideelle Produkteigenschaften die Wahrnehmung der materiellen Qualität von Prüfzeichen (z.B. des CMA-Zeichens) so verzerrt werden kann, dass sie besser beurteilt wird, als sie tatsächlich ist. Quality labels for food products are an important consumer policy tool and are used for product diversification strategies by the producers. In the literature, the effectiveness of such labels concerning the purchase behaviour of consumers has been doubted. In this context, our paper compares the guaranteed quality of three labels – QS, CMA and BIO – with their expected quality by the consumer. The QS label and particularly the BIO label are process-orientated and characterized by a high level of control and sanctions. The CMA label assured, till its termination in 2009, a specific sensory quality accompanied with less rigorous mechanisms of control and sanctions. The results of a representative online survey indicate that consumers expect the same quality level from the CMA label and the QS label, although, in fact, QS guarantees a higher process quality. The CMA label can differentiate from the others in consumers’ perception as a regional origin label, whereas the BIO label stands out for the material dimension of quality including safety and quality items. To conclude, the perception of the material quality of labels (e.g. CMA label) can be biased by positively valued ideational product attributes. Thus, it is supposable that the consumer assesses the quality better than it actually is.

Suggested Citation

  • Kubitzki, Sabine & Krischik-Bautz, Stephanie, 2011. "Weiß der Verbraucher wirklich, welche Qualität er kauft? Eine Studie zur Qualitätserwartung an Prüfzeichen," German Journal of Agricultural Economics, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Department for Agricultural Economics, vol. 60(01), pages 1-14, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:gjagec:169833
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.169833
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Verena Otter & Bianca Prechtel & Ludwig Theuvsen, 2014. "The Country-of-Origin Effect for Chocolate made from Ecuadorian Cocoa: An Empirical Analysis of Consumer Perceptions," Economia agro-alimentare, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 16(3), pages 43-60.

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