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Disentangling Costs of Persistent and Transient Technical Inefficiency and Input Misallocation: The Case of Norwegian Electricity Distribution Firms

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  • Subal C. Kumbhakar, Orjan Mydland, Andrew Musau, and Gudbrand Lien

Abstract

Numerous studies have focused on estimating technical inefficiency in electricity distribution firms. However, most of these studies did not distinguish between persistent and transient technical inefficiency. Furthermore, almost none of the studies estimated the cost of input misallocation arising from non-optimal use of inputs. One reason is that the cost function (input distance function) typically used in the literature does not allow for the separation of technical inefficiency and allocative inefficiency. In this study, we estimate both the persistent and transient components of technical inefficiency and input misallocation of Norwegian electricity distribution firms, using panel data from 2000 to 2016. Our modeling and estimation strategy is to use a system approach, consisting of the production function and the first-order conditions of cost minimization. Input misallocation for each pair of inputs is modeled via the first-order conditions of cost minimization. We also estimate the costs of each component of technical inefficiency and input misallocation by deriving the cost function for a multi-output separable production technology. Our modeling and estimation strategy handles endogeneity of inputs. Finally, we allow for inclusion of determinants of persistent and transient technical inefficiency. Our results show that the costs of input misallocation of Norwegian electricity distribution firms are non-negligible.

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  • Subal C. Kumbhakar, Orjan Mydland, Andrew Musau, and Gudbrand Lien, 2020. "Disentangling Costs of Persistent and Transient Technical Inefficiency and Input Misallocation: The Case of Norwegian Electricity Distribution Firms," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Number 3), pages 143-160.
    • Handle: RePEc:aen:journl:ej41-3-lien
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    1. Jiro Nemoto & Mika Goto, 2006. "Measurement of technical and allocative efficiencies using a CES cost frontier: a benchmarking study of Japanese transmission-distribution electricity," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 31(1), pages 31-48, March.
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    4. Badunenko, Oleg & Kumbhakar, Subal C., 2017. "Economies of scale, technical change and persistent and time-varying cost efficiency in Indian banking: Do ownership, regulation and heterogeneity matter?," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 260(2), pages 789-803.
    5. Lai, Hung-pin & Kumbhakar, Subal C., 2018. "Endogeneity in panel data stochastic frontier model with determinants of persistent and transient inefficiency," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 5-9.
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    9. Kumbhakar, Subal C. & Tsionas, Efthymios G., 2005. "The Joint Measurement of Technical and Allocative Inefficiencies: An Application of Bayesian Inference in Nonlinear Random-Effects Models," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 100, pages 736-747, September.
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    1. Hou, Zheng & Roseta-Palma, Catarina & Ramalho, Joaquim J.S., 2024. "Can operational efficiency in the Portuguese electricity sector be improved? Yes, but..," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    2. Liu, Tung, 2021. "Measuring cost inefficiency: A dual approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    3. Musau, Andrew & Kumbhakar, Subal C. & Mydland, Ørjan & Lien, Gudbrand, 2021. "Determinants of allocative and technical inefficiency in stochastic frontier models: An analysis of Norwegian electricity distribution firms," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 288(3), pages 983-991.
    4. Mike G. Tsionas & Subal C. Kumbhakar, 2023. "Efficiency Measurement in Norwegian Electricity Distribution: A Generalized Four-Way-Error-Component Stochastic Frontier Model," The Energy Journal, , vol. 44(2), pages 181-204, March.
    5. Just, Lisa & Wetzel, Heike, 2020. "Distributed Generation and Cost Efficiency of German Electricity Distribution Network Operators," EWI Working Papers 2020-9, Energiewirtschaftliches Institut an der Universitaet zu Koeln (EWI).
    6. Tommy Lundgren & Mattias Vesterberg, 2024. "Efficiency in electricity distribution in Sweden and the effects of small-scale generation, electric vehicles and dynamic tariffs," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 62(2), pages 121-137, October.

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