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Qualifikation, Beschäftigung und technischer Fortschritt - Weitere empirische Evidenz mit den Daten des Mannheimer Innovationspanels

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  • Blechinger, Doris
  • Pfeiffer, Friedhelm

Abstract

Für die Bundesrepublik und insbesondere für Baden-Württemberg mit seiner hohen Industriedichte und dem großen Anteil innovativer Unternehmen ist das Verständnis der wirtschaftlichen Zusammenhänge zwischen Beschäftigung, Qualifikation und technischem Fortschritt von zentraler Bedeutung. Zur Quantifizierung der Beschäftigungseffekte des technischen Fortschritts wird für das Produzierende Gewerbe in Westdeutschland und in Baden-Württemberg das Wachstum der Arbeitsnachfrage zwischen 1992/94, 1993/95 und 1992/95 in kleinen und großen Unternehmen getrennt geschätzt. Prozeßinnovationen wirken tendenziell negativ, Produktinnovationen in der Regel positiv, wobei der Gesamteffekt von Prozeß- und Produktinnovationen vom Untersuchungszeitraum und von der Unternehmensgröße abhängig, tendenziell aber eher negativ ausgefallen ist. Die Qualifikationsstruktur der Beschäftigten in innovativen und nicht-innovativen Unternehmen wird mit einer Rangkorrelationsanalyse untersucht. Technischer Fortschritt setzt geringqualifizierte Arbeit frei. In innovativen Unternehmen ist die Höherqualifizierung der Arbeitskräfte stärker ausgeprägt. ; The paper analyses the relationship between technological change, employment and its skill structure in an empirical context using survey data from the West German manufacturing sector between 1993 and 1996 (Mannheim Innovation Panel). The results are compared to those of Baden- Württemberg, the federal state with the highest share of employment in German manufacturing. The most important factors determining employment growth are sales growth and growth of labour costs. Process innovations have a negative effect on labour demand. Product innovations show a positive impact on labour demand. The rank correlation analysis suggests that upskilling is higher in innovative firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Blechinger, Doris & Pfeiffer, Friedhelm, 1998. "Qualifikation, Beschäftigung und technischer Fortschritt - Weitere empirische Evidenz mit den Daten des Mannheimer Innovationspanels," ZEW Discussion Papers 98-04, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:zewdip:9804
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Cited by:

    1. Bob Anderton & Siegfried Schultz, 1999. "Explaining Export Success in the UK and German Medical Equipment Industry," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 185, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • L60 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - General
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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