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A Simulation Method to Measure the Tax Burden on Highly Skilled Manpower

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  • Elschner, Christina
  • Schwager, Robert

Abstract

A model is presented for simulating the tax burden on highly skilled manpower. The effective average tax rate, defined as the relative wedge between total remuneration and disposable income, is computed. Income and payroll taxes and social security contributions not yielding an equivalent benefit are taken into account. The compensation package consists of cash payments and old-age provision. To integrate retirement benefits and their tax treatment, an inter-temporal approach is used. The results indicate that Germany and France have higher tax burdens than the UK and the USA, that Germany grants the strongest tax relief for families, and that occupational pension plans are favourable in all countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Elschner, Christina & Schwager, Robert, 2004. "A Simulation Method to Measure the Tax Burden on Highly Skilled Manpower," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-59, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:zewdip:2349
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Devereux, Michael P & Griffith, Rachel, 2003. "Evaluating Tax Policy for Location Decisions," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 10(2), pages 107-126, March.
    2. Gilbert E. Metcalf, 2006. "Value-Added Tax," Discussion Papers Series, Department of Economics, Tufts University 0608, Department of Economics, Tufts University.
    3. Robert Fenge & Martin Werding, 2004. "Ageing and the tax implied in public pension schemes: simulations for selected OECD countries," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 25(2), pages 159-200, June.
    4. repec:bla:scandj:v:103:y:2001:i:3:p:505-24 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Gaube, Thomas & Schwager, Robert, 2003. "Consumption vs. wage taxation and the capital levy," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 79(1), pages 15-19, April.
    6. Michael Devereux & Rachel Griffith, 1998. "The taxation of discrete investment choices," IFS Working Papers W98/16, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
    7. Mendoza, Enrique G. & Razin, Assaf & Tesar, Linda L., 1994. "Effective tax rates in macroeconomics: Cross-country estimates of tax rates on factor incomes and consumption," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 297-323, December.
    8. Axel Borsch‐Supan & Anette Reil‐Held, 2001. "How Much is Transfer and How Much is Insurance in a Pay‐as‐you‐go System? The German Case," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 103(3), pages 505-524, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Elschner, Christina & Lammersen, Lothar & Overesch, Michael & Schwager, Robert, 2005. "The Effective Tax Burden of Companies and on Highly Skilled Manpower: Tax Policy Strategies in a Globalized Economy," ZEW Discussion Papers 05-31, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    2. Zuzana Machova & Igor Kotlan, 2013. "World Tax Index: New Methodology for OECD Countries, 2000-2010," DANUBE: Law and Economics Review, European Association Comenius - EACO, issue 2, pages 165-179, June.
    3. Igor Kotlán & Zuzana Machová, 2012. "Vliv zdanění korporací na ekonomický růst: selhání daňové kvóty? [The Influence of Corporate Taxation on Economic Growth: The Failure of Tax Quota?]," Politická ekonomie, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2012(6), pages 743-763.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    personal income tax; highly skilled employees; effective tax burden; pensions;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions
    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies

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