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Opel, Thüringen und das Kaspische Meer

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  • Jaenichen, Sebastian
  • Steinrücken, Torsten

Abstract

In einem föderalen System werden den einzelnen Gebietskörperschaften Entscheidungs- und Gestaltungskompetenzen übertragen. Diese können sie zum Nutzen oder Schaden von ansässigen und neu siedelnden Unternehmen einsetzen. Für Investoren besteht das Problem, dass Standorte ex ante Rahmenbedingungen in Aussicht stellen können, die sie ex post nicht realisieren oder deren Realisierung sie nicht glaubwürdig zusichern können. Für Unternehmen geht es mithin nicht nur darum, möglichst gute Investitionsbedingungen ex ante zu verhandeln, sondern auch sicher zu gehen, dass diese mittel- bis langfristig Bestand haben. Die Standorte haben folglich ein Commitment-Problem, denn sie müssen die Unternehmen von der Langfristigkeit der zugesagten Rahmenbedingungen überzeugen. Sofern keine glaubhaften Commitment-Signale der Standorte existieren, werden Unternehmen nach Möglichkeiten suchen, ihre Ausbeutbarkeit durch geeignete Maßnahmen zu mildern. Diese, aus der Industrieökonomik bekannte, Hold-up-Problematik kann auf Seiten der Unternehmen beispielsweise zu Unter- bzw. Überinvestitionen führen. So können Unternehmen an mehreren Standorten Kapazitäten aufbauen, um sich Drohmöglichkeiten zu schaffen, wenn eine Region etwa ihren Steuerpreis ex post anhebt. Für die Unternehmen besteht mithin ein Anreiz zu einem multiregionalen bzw. multinationalen Unternehmen zu werden, welches mit Produktionsverlagerung drohen kann und auf diese Weise der Erpressbarkeit durch einzelne Standorte entgeht. Andererseits begeben sich Industriestandorte ihrerseits auf die Suche nach glaubhaften Commitment-Signalen, um die Erforderlichkeit solcher Unternehmensstrategien einzuschränken.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaenichen, Sebastian & Steinrücken, Torsten, 2006. "Opel, Thüringen und das Kaspische Meer," Ilmenau Economics Discussion Papers 49, Ilmenau University of Technology, Institute of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:tuiedp:49
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joseph Farrell & Nancy T. Gallini, 1988. "Second-Sourcing as a Commitment: Monopoly Incentives to Attract Competition," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 103(4), pages 673-694.
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