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Verteilungswirkung einer CO2-Bepreisung in Deutschland

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  • Preuß, Malte
  • Reuter, Wolf Heinrich
  • Schmidt, Christoph M.

Abstract

Ein CO2-Preis setzt Anreize für ein emissionsärmeres Verhalten und Investitionen in emissionsärmere Technologien. Damit dieses Koordinationssignal uneingeschränkt wirken kann, muss es möglichst einheitlich über alle Sektoren, Technologien, Regionen und Emittenten wirken. Für Haushalte führt die Bepreisung zunächst zu einer regressiven Verteilungswirkung; dies kann jedoch durch eine Rückverteilung der Einnahmen in einen progressiven Verlauf geändert werden, sodass Haushalte mit niedrigen Einkommen im Durchschnitt netto entlastet werden. Die Ausgestaltung der Rückverteilung kann auf unterschiedliche Eigenschaften des Rückverteilungsmechanismus abzielen, etwa eine möglichst hohe Transparenz oder das Erreichen einer "doppelten Dividende". Bei aufkommensneutraler Rückverteilung erfahren der mittlere und obere Einkommensbereich, Alleinstehende und Bewohner städtischer Regionen sowie Besitzer von Öl- und Gasheizungen tendenziell die stärkste Nettobelastung.

Suggested Citation

  • Preuß, Malte & Reuter, Wolf Heinrich & Schmidt, Christoph M., 2019. "Verteilungswirkung einer CO2-Bepreisung in Deutschland," Working Papers 08/2019, German Council of Economic Experts / Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:svrwwp:082019
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jacobs, Leif & Quack, Lara & Mechtel, Mario, 2022. "Distributional effects of carbon pricing by transport fuel taxation," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    2. Leif Jacobs & Lara Quack & Mario Mechtel, 2021. "Distributional Effects of Carbon Pricing by Transport Fuel Taxation," Working Paper Series in Economics 405, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.

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