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Klimaschutzpolitik in Europa: Wie kann ein Politikmix gestaltet werden?

Author

Listed:
  • Andor, Mark Andreas
  • Frondel, Manuel
  • Neuhoff, Karsten
  • Petrick, Sebastian
  • Rüster, Sophia

Abstract

Zum Schutz des Klimas ergreift die Politik in Deutschland und Europa eine Vielzahl an Maßnahmen. So wird der europäische Emissionshandel durch zahlreiche Arten der Innovations- und Investitionsförderung ergänzt, aber auch durch andere Anreize sowie Informationsbereitstellung und durch Regulierungsmaßnahmen zur Nutzung neuer Technologien. Dieser Politikmix wirft die Frage auf, welche Politikinstrumente benötigt werden und nach welchen Kriterien diese bewertet werden sollten. Dieser Beitrag geht diesen Fragen nach und präsentiert als Resultat der Begleitaktivitäten des Förderschwerpunkts "Ökonomie des Klimawandels" des Bundesforschungsministeriums (BMBF) einen Konsens zwischen den Autoren über grundsätzliche Handlungsempfehlungen für eine konkrete Ausgestaltung von Klimaschutzpolitik. Die Autoren sind sich insbesondere einig, dass ein Politikmix notwendig ist, um die klimapolitischen Ziele zu erreichen. Allerdings sollte nicht jedes Instrument vorbehaltlos zum Einsatz kommen. Vielmehr sollte ein jedes Instrument in Bezug auf Effektivität, Effizienz, aber auch politische und institutionelle Umsetzbarkeit bewertet, durch ein zeitnahes Monitoring überprüft und gegebenenfalls auch abgeschafft werden. Diesbezüglich ist zu kritisieren, dass moderne Evaluationsmethoden in Deutschland bislang kaum angewandt werden, obwohl die Wissenschaft in den vergangenen Jahren erhebliche Fortschritte bei der Evaluierung von Politikmaßnahmen erzielt hat. Es wäre daher besonders wichtig, dass bei der geplanten Fortsetzung des BMBF-Förderschwerpunktes "Ökonomie des Klimawandels" ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die empirische Evaluation von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen auf Basis umfangreicher, auf die jeweilige Maßnahme speziell zugeschnittene Datenerhebungen gelegt würde.

Suggested Citation

  • Andor, Mark Andreas & Frondel, Manuel & Neuhoff, Karsten & Petrick, Sebastian & Rüster, Sophia, 2016. "Klimaschutzpolitik in Europa: Wie kann ein Politikmix gestaltet werden?," RWI Materialien 103, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:rwimat:103
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Carbon Leakage; Forschung und Entwicklung; Spillover-Effekte;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q28 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Government Policy
    • Q42 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Alternative Energy Sources
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy

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