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Long-term Exposure to Ambient PM2.5 and Population Health: Evidence from Longitudinally-linked Census Data

Author

Listed:
  • Rowland, Neil
  • McVicar, Duncan
  • Vlachos, Stavros
  • Jahanshahi, Babak
  • McGovern, Mark E.
  • O’Reilly, Dermot

Abstract

Extensive evidence shows exposure to ambient PM2.5 is associated with a wide range of poor health outcomes. But few studies examine genuinely long-run pollution exposures in nationally representative data. This study does so, exploiting longitudinally-linked Census data for Northern Ireland, linked to annual average PM2.5 concentrations at the 1km grid-square level from 2002-2010, exploiting complete residential histories. We show strong unconditional associations between PM2.5 exposure, self-rated general health, disability, and all available (eleven) domain-specific health measures in the data. Associations with poor general health, chronic illness, breathing difficulties, mobility difficulties, and deafness are robust to extensive conditioning and to further analysis designed to examine sensitivity to unobserved confounders.

Suggested Citation

  • Rowland, Neil & McVicar, Duncan & Vlachos, Stavros & Jahanshahi, Babak & McGovern, Mark E. & O’Reilly, Dermot, 2024. "Long-term Exposure to Ambient PM2.5 and Population Health: Evidence from Longitudinally-linked Census Data," QBS Working Paper Series 2024/01, Queen's University Belfast, Queen's Business School.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:qmsrps:202401
    as

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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tatyana Deryugina & Garth Heutel & Nolan H. Miller & David Molitor & Julian Reif, 2019. "The Mortality and Medical Costs of Air Pollution: Evidence from Changes in Wind Direction," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 109(12), pages 4178-4219, December.
    2. Singh, Damini & Gupta, Indrani & Roy, Arjun, 2023. "The association of asthma and air pollution: Evidence from India," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    3. Emily Oster, 2019. "Unobservable Selection and Coefficient Stability: Theory and Evidence," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(2), pages 187-204, April.
    4. Mengmeng Guo & Shihe Fu, 2019. "Running With a Mask? The Effect of Air Pollution on Marathon Runners’ Performance," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 20(7), pages 903-928, October.
    5. Jahanshahi, Babak & Johnston, Brian & McVicar, Duncan & McGovern, Mark E. & O’Reilly, Dermot & Rowland, Neil & Vlachos, Stavros, 2022. "Prenatal Exposure to PM2.5 and Infant Birth Outcomes: Evidence from a Population-Wide Database," IZA Discussion Papers 15464, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution; PM2.5; population health; linked Census data; neighbourhood fixed effects; Oster method for unobserved confounding;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • Q53 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling

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