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Entwicklungstendenzen bei transnationalen Investitionsverträgen im Energie-Rohstoff-Sektor

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  • Müller, Wolfgang

Abstract

Die Zuordnung der modernen transnationalen Investitionsverträge im Petroleumsektor zu den herkömmlicherweise unterschiedenen Formen Konzession - Joint Venture - Service Contract ist sinnvoll nicht möglich und ersichtlich von keinem praktischen Nutzen. Eine Analyse der Vertragspraxis hat, auf dieser Einsicht aufbauend, deshalb von der Formulierung konkreter einzelner Problemstellungen auszugehen und deren kautelarische Bewältigung zu untersuchen. In diesem Zusammenhang interessierten hier die Schwierigkeiten, mit denen der ausländische Investor typischerweise rechnen muß, wenn er mit einem Staat der Dritten Welt einen Petroleumvertrag abschließt, der über Jahrzehnte hinweg wirksam bleiben soll. Zunächst ist festzuhalten, daß die Vertragspartner zunehmend die Notwendigkeit einer gewissen Flexibilität vertraglicher Abmachungen erkennen. Dieses geschärfte Problembewußtsein findet im wesentlichen seinen Niederschlag in der Ausgestaltung der Zahlungsverpflichtungen des ausländischen Investors gegenüber dem Gaststaat. Dagegen ist die Vertragspraxis eher zurückhaltend bei der Statuierung von Neuverhandlungspflichten. Darüber hinaus war festzustellen, daß das traditionelle Rechtsschutzkonzept für die ausländische Direktinvestition, nämlich die durch Einfügung von Stabilisierungs- und Rechtswahlklauseln sowie durch die Vereinbarung der Zuständigkeit eines transnationalen Schiedsgerichts erreichte Internationalisierung des Vertrages, weiterhin Gültigkeit hat. Allerdings bedienen sich die Vertragspartner einer zunehmend verfeinerten Regelungstechnik. Die im Zuge der Diskussion um die 'New International Economic Order' erhobene Forderung nach einer strikten Verankerung der Vertragsbeziehungen im Gaststaat hat sich dagegen nicht durchgesetzt. Dies resultiert wohl nicht zuletzt aus den ökonomischen Implikationen einer Reduzierung des Rechtsschutzniveaus, das der ausländische Investor genießt.

Suggested Citation

  • Müller, Wolfgang, 1988. "Entwicklungstendenzen bei transnationalen Investitionsverträgen im Energie-Rohstoff-Sektor," Discussion Papers, Series II 53, University of Konstanz, Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) 178 "Internationalization of the Economy".
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:kondp2:53
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    2. A. P. H. Van Meurs, 1986. "Economic Analysis of Selected Offshore Petroleum Arrangements," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 10(2), pages 107-123, May.
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