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The Dynamics of Money

Author

Listed:
  • Per Bak
  • Simon F. Norrelykke
  • Martin Shubik

Abstract

General equilibrium theory in economics defines the relative prices for goods and services, but does not fix the absolute values of prices. We present a theory of money in which the value of money is a time dependent "strategic variable," to be chosen by the individual agents. The idea is illustrated by a simple network model of monopolistic vendors and buyers. The indeterminacy of the value of money in equilibrium theory implies a soft "Goldstone mode," leading to large fluctuations in prices in the presence of noise. Submitted to Physical Review Letters.

Suggested Citation

  • Per Bak & Simon F. Norrelykke & Martin Shubik, 1998. "The Dynamics of Money," Research in Economics 98-11-102e, Santa Fe Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:wop:safire:98-11-102e
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    Cited by:

    1. Johann Lussange & Ivan Lazarevich & Sacha Bourgeois-Gironde & Stefano Palminteri & Boris Gutkin, 2021. "Modelling Stock Markets by Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 57(1), pages 113-147, January.
    2. Juergen Huber & Martin Shubik & Shyam Sunder, 2009. "Default Penalty as a Disciplinary and Selection Mechanism in Presence of Multiple Equilibria," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1730, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    3. Martin Shubik, 2001. "Money and the Monetization of Credit," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1343, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    4. McCauley, Joseph l., 2004. "Thermodynamic analogies in economics and finance: instability of markets," MPRA Paper 2159, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. E. Samanidou & E. Zschischang & D. Stauffer & T. Lux, 2001. "Microscopic Models of Financial Markets," Papers cond-mat/0110354, arXiv.org.
    6. Martin Shubik, 2007. "The Theory of Money and Financial Institutions: A Summary of a Game Theoretic Approach," The IUP Journal of Monetary Economics, IUP Publications, vol. 0(2), pages 6-26, May.
    7. Nagel, Kai & Shubik, Martin & Paczuski, Maya & Bak, Per, 2000. "Spatial competition and price formation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 287(3), pages 546-562.
    8. Yadav, Avinash Chand & Manchanda, Kaustubh & Ramaswamy, Ramakrishna, 2017. "Emergent organization in a model market," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 482(C), pages 118-126.
    9. McCauley, Joseph L., 2000. "The futility of utility: how market dynamics marginalize Adam Smith," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 285(3), pages 506-538.
    10. Chen-Zhong Qin & Lloyd S. Shapley & Martin Shubik, 2009. "Marshallian Money, Welfare, and Side-Payments," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1729, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    11. Newby, Michael & Behr, Adam & Feizabadi, Mitra Shojania, 2011. "Investigating the distribution of personal income obtained from the recent U.S. data," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 1170-1173, May.
    12. Nagel, Kai & Shubik, Martin & Strauss, Martin, 2004. "The importance of timescales: simple models for economic markets," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 340(4), pages 668-677.
    13. E. Samanidou & E. Zschischang & D. Stauffer & T. Lux, 2007. "Agent-based Models of Financial Markets," Papers physics/0701140, arXiv.org.
    14. McCauley, Joseph L., 2004. "Making dynamic modelling effective in economics," MPRA Paper 2130, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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