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Trade Integration, Outsourcing and Employment in Austria: A Decomposition Approach

Author

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  • Wolfgang Koller
  • Robert Stehrer

    (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw)

Abstract

In this paper we study the employment effects of changes in the levels and patterns of trade integration and outsourcing in the Austrian economy over the periods 1995-2000 and 2000-2005. Based on an input-output framework, we apply a hierarchical decomposition analysis to disentangle the employment effects of changes in labour productivity, technical input coefficients and final demand components. Outsourcing is modelled as changes in the shares of domestically produced intermediates. For this some further details can be derived by distinguishing between intermediate imports according to educational intensities of the imported intermediate products. A similar decomposition of the final demand vector allows then to draw conclusions on the employment effects of overall trade integration over this period. We further calculate the employment effects, distinguishing three employment groups by educational attainment levels. The results suggest that the overall employment effect of trade integration has been positive in general. On top of that we do not find that the unskilled workers are hurt more than the other two skill groups. Further we find a distinct pattern of employment effects in the two periods considered In the period 1995-2000 we observe relatively strong positive employment effects in the production of high skill intensive products and negligible effects in the production of low skill intensive products. However, this pattern changed in the period 2000-2005 where strong positive employment effects are found in the latter but even negative employment effects in the production of high skill intensive commodities.

Suggested Citation

  • Wolfgang Koller & Robert Stehrer, 2009. "Trade Integration, Outsourcing and Employment in Austria: A Decomposition Approach," wiiw Working Papers 56, The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw.
    • Handle: RePEc:wii:wpaper:56
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Skolka, Jiri, 1989. "Input-output structural decomposition analysis for Austria," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 11(1), pages 45-66.
    2. Wolfgang Koller & Robert Stehrer, 2010. "Trade Integration, Outsourcing And Employment In Austria: A Decomposition Approach," Economic Systems Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(3), pages 237-261.
    3. Robert C. Feenstra, 2010. "Offshoring in the Global Economy: Microeconomic Structure and Macroeconomic Implications," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262013835, April.
    4. Brian Wixted & Norihiko Yamano & Colin Webb, 2006. "Input-Output Analysis in an Increasingly Globalised World: Applications of OECD's Harmonised International Tables," OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers 2006/7, OECD Publishing.
    5. Michael Peneder, 2007. "A sectoral taxonomy of educational intensity," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 34(3), pages 189-212, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Monarch, Ryan & Park, Jooyoun & Sivadasan, Jagadeesh, 2017. "Domestic gains from offshoring? Evidence from TAA-linked U.S. microdata," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 150-173.
    2. Mikuláš Luptáèik & Bernhard Mahlberg, 2012. "Efficiency change over time in a multisectoral economic system," Department of Economic Policy Working Paper Series 001, Department of Economic Policy, Faculty of National Economy, University of Economics in Bratislava.
    3. Hong, Jae Pyo & Byun, Jeong Eun & Kim, Pang Ryong, 2016. "Structural changes and growth factors of the ICT industry in Korea: 1995–2009," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(5), pages 502-513.
    4. Yan, Yunfeng & Li, Xiyuan & Wang, Ran & Zhao, Zhongxiu & Jiao, Aodong, 2023. "Decomposing the carbon footprints of multinational enterprises along global value chains," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 13-28.
    5. Arne J. Nagengast & Robert Stehrer, 2016. "The Great Collapse in Value Added Trade," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(2), pages 392-421, May.
    6. Wolfgang Koller & Robert Stehrer, 2010. "Trade Integration, Outsourcing And Employment In Austria: A Decomposition Approach," Economic Systems Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(3), pages 237-261.
    7. Mahlberg, Bernhard & Luptacik, Mikulas, 2014. "Eco-efficiency and eco-productivity change over time in a multisectoral economic system," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 234(3), pages 885-897.
    8. Kirill Muradov, 2021. "Structural decomposition analysis with disaggregate factors within the Leontief inverse," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 10(1), pages 1-17, December.
    9. Liboreiro, Pablo R. & Fernández, Rafael & García, Clara, 2021. "The drivers of deindustrialization in advanced economies: A hierarchical structural decomposition analysis," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 138-152.
    10. Croner, Daniel & Koller, Wolfgang & Mahlberg, Bernhard, 2018. "Economic drivers of greenhouse gas-emissions in small open economies: A hierarchical structural decomposition analysis," MPRA Paper 85755, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Jooyoun Park, 2018. "The Cleansing Effect of Offshoring in an Analysis of Employment," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 44(2), pages 242-272, April.
    12. Yang Lianling & Yang Cuihong, 2017. "Changes in domestic value added in China’s exports: a structural decomposition analysis approach," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 6(1), pages 1-12, December.
    13. Semih Akcomak & Henri de Groot & Stefan Groot, 2013. "The impact of trade, offshoring and multinationals on job loss and job finding," CPB Discussion Paper 252, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
    14. Semih Akcomak & Henri de Groot & Stefan Groot, 2013. "The impact of trade, offshoring and multinationals on job loss and job finding," CPB Discussion Paper 252.rdf, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
    15. Basu, Anwesha & Marjit, Sugata & Veeramani, C., 2024. "Growth gains from offshore outsourcing," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 90-112.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    outsourcing; offshoring; employment effects; hierarchical decomposition; input-output modelling;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C67 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Input-Output Models
    • D57 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Input-Output Tables and Analysis
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions

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