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Transformation of agriculture in central Eastern Europe and the former USSR : major policy issues and perspectives

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  • Csaki, Csaba

Abstract

The author surveys agricultural reform to date, identifies key policy issues, and outlines potential scenarios for the transformation of agriculture in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the former German Democratic Republic (GDR), Hungary, Poland, Romania, and to a lesser extent - the former USSR. After years of socialism, these countries'agricultural sectors are characterized by large, inefficient farms with high production costs; heavier food consumption than in market economies of comparable prosperity, and excess demand for food, at subsidized food prices. Central Eastern Europe is beginning to create a new agricultural structure based on private ownership, real cooperatives, and a market economy. The former USSR is also striving to overcome serious economic difficulty with comprehensive economic and political reform. To develop a market-oriented, competitive agricultural structure, these countries need to : a) create marketable landed property; b) change agriculture's structure to emphasize medium size private agricultural ventures and cooperatives; c) create an environment supportive of private ventures; d) create an agricultural market that encourages fair competition; e) develop a policy emphasizing efficient production; and f) support environmentally sustainable agricultural production technologies.

Suggested Citation

  • Csaki, Csaba, 1992. "Transformation of agriculture in central Eastern Europe and the former USSR : major policy issues and perspectives," Policy Research Working Paper Series 888, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:888
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Avishay Braverman & J. Luis Guasch, 1990. "Agricultural Reform in Developing Countries: Reflections for Eastern Europe," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 72(5), pages 1243-1251.
    2. Braverman, Avishay & Guasch, J. Luis, 1990. "Agricultural reform in developing countries : reflections for Eastern Europe," Policy Research Working Paper Series 538, The World Bank.
    3. Csaki, Csaba, 1983. "Economic management and organization of Hungarian agriculture," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 7(3), pages 317-328, September.
    4. Karen Brooks, 1991. "Agriculture and the Transition to the Market," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 5(4), pages 149-161, Fall.
    5. Brooks, Karen M. & Braverman, Avishay, 1991. "Decollectivization in East and Central Europe," 1991 Conference, August 22-29, 1991, Tokyo, Japan 183253, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
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