The political economy of monetary policy conduct and central bank design

This paper provides a concise overview of the state of the art on monetary policy and central banking from a public choice perspective. It starts with a brief look at the roots of today’s view of monetary policy conduct and the design of pertinent institutions in early work on political business cycles, and then proceeds to a discussion of the inflationstabilization dilemma along with proposed solutions in the form of central bank independence and conservativeness, incentive contracts, and inflation policy targets. The last section addresses current developments. These include the proper choice of monetary policy targets, the role of New Keynesian and sticky-information aggregate-supply curves and the quest for simple and efficient rules for monetary policy that has been triggered by the proposal and widespread polularity of the Taylor rule.