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Gendered Effects of the Personal Income Tax: Evidence from a Schedular System with Individual Filing in a Developing Country

Author

Listed:
  • Marisa Bucheli

    (Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República)

  • Cecilia Olivieri

    (Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República)

Abstract

This article analyzes the gender differences in the Personal Income Tax (PIT)-to-income ratio in Uruguay. Although the tax code does not explicitly specify gender differences, the tax burden varies among households types. When analyzing these differences, our findings suggest that the PIT serves as somewhat of an incentive towards equal gender time allocation within the family, which is consistent with gender equity. In turn, this pattern is reinforced by non-desirable aspects such as higher levels of informality among women and a higher level of non-taxable sources of income among single female households. The above conclusion relies on the assumption of individual filing. Our analysis also observes that the strengths of the PIT system from the gender perspective are eroded by the possibility to opt for a (rarely used) joint filing. The empirical strategy was assessed through the estimation of a zero-one inflated beta model (ZOIB). This model properly addresses the fact that the PIT-to-income ratio includes many zero data points.

Suggested Citation

  • Marisa Bucheli & Cecilia Olivieri, 2017. "Gendered Effects of the Personal Income Tax: Evidence from a Schedular System with Individual Filing in a Developing Country," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 0217, Department of Economics - dECON.
    • Handle: RePEc:ude:wpaper:0217
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    File URL: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/8433
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    economics of gender; family economics; income tax; tax incidence;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B54 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Current Heterodox Approaches - - - Feminist Economics
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • H22 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Incidence
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household

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