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Movilidad intergeneracional del ingreso en un país en desarrollo: El caso de Chile

Author

Listed:
  • Javier Núñez
  • Cristina Risco

Abstract

Este trabajo constituye un primer esfuerzo para determinar la magnitud de la movilidad intergeneracional de ingresos en Chile. Este concepto permite establecer el grado de vinculación que existe entre los ingresos de las personas y el status económico de sus padres en etapas comparables del ciclo de vida. Así, el concepto de movilidad intergeneracional del ingreso es considerada una buena medida del grado de igualdad de oportunidades que existe en un país; un mayor índice de movilidad intergeneracional indicaría que el origen socioeconómico de los individuos sería menos importante en determinar el conjunto de oportunidades disponibles para ellos. Este estudio entrega dos conclusiones principales. Primero, Chile exhibe un nivel particularmente bajo de movilidad intergeneracional en comparación con la evidencia internacional. De este modo, Chile no sólo exhibiría una desigual distribución de ingresos, hecho ya bien documentado, sino que también exhibiría una particularmente desigual distribución de oportunidades en el país, y un elevado grado de transmisión de la condición socioeconómica de los padres a sus hijos. Sin embargo, este trabajo sugiere también que, a pesar que la distribución el ingreso se ha mantenido relativamente estable en las últimas décadas, la movilidad intergeneracional del ingreso en Chile se ha incrementado, particularmente desde los 90s. Esta evidencia es consistente con la importante expansión de la cobertura educacional secundaria y superior, y de los años de escolaridad que ha existido en Chile en las últimas décadas.

Suggested Citation

  • Javier Núñez & Cristina Risco, 2004. "Movilidad intergeneracional del ingreso en un país en desarrollo: El caso de Chile," Working Papers wp210, University of Chile, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:udc:wpaper:wp210
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Claudio, Sapelli, 2013. "Movilidad intrageneracional del ingreso en Chile," Estudios Públicos, Centro de Estudios Públicos, vol. 0(131), pages 1-35.
    2. Maribel Jiménez, 2016. "Movilidad Intergeneracional del Ingreso en Argentina. Un Análisis de sus Cambios Temporales desde el Enfoque de Igualdad de Oportunidades," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0203, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
    3. Agostini, Claudio A. & Jiménez, Johanna, 2015. "The distributional incidence of the gasoline tax in Chile," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 243-252.
    4. Muñoz H., Pablo & Redondo S., Amaia, 2013. "Inequality and academic achievement in Chile," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), April.
    5. Andrés Solimano & Arístides Torche, 2008. "Income Distribution In Chile, 1987-2006: Analysis And Policy Considerations," Working Papers Central Bank of Chile 480, Central Bank of Chile.

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