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Bolivia: La Experiencia Populista de los Años Ochenta

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  • Morales, Juan Antonio

    (IISEC, Universidad Católica Boliviana)

Abstract

A fines de 1982 Bolivia recuperaba la democracia después de un largo periodo de gobiernos, mayormente militares, durante los cuales los salarios reales cayeron significativamente. El primer gobierno democrático, presidido por el Dr. Hernán Siles Zuazo heredó de los gobiernos militares una economía muy deteriorada, marcada por la crisis de deuda externa. Le fue muy difícil arbitrar entre el ajuste macroeconómico y las demandas de su electorado. El populismo defensivo del gobierno fue incapaz de controlar las presiones sociales que afectaban al presupuesto fiscal y los crecientes déficit tuvieron que financiarse con emisión monetaria. La inflación resultante culminó en hiperinflación, y se acompañó de desabastecimientos generalizados y mercados negros. El Producto Interno Bruto cayó sustancialmente. La Central Obrera Boliviana desdeñaba las restricciones fiscales y de balanza de pagos y su carrera salarialista fue una responsable mayor del desastre económico. La hiperinflación se paró con un drástico y ortodoxo programa de saneamiento fiscal, que debilitó en el camino a la Central Obrera Boliviana. Instituto de Investigaciones Socio - Económicas; IISEC

Suggested Citation

  • Morales, Juan Antonio, 2008. "Bolivia: La Experiencia Populista de los Años Ochenta," Documentos de trabajo 3/2008, Instituto de Investigaciones Socio-Económicas (IISEC), Universidad Católica Boliviana.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:iisecd:2008_003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rudiger Dornbusch & Sebastian Edwards, 1991. "The Macroeconomics of Populism in Latin America," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number dorn91-1.
    2. Rudiger Dornbusch & Sebastian Edwards, 1991. "The Macroeconomics of Populism," NBER Chapters, in: The Macroeconomics of Populism in Latin America, pages 7-13, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Robert R. Kaufman & Barbara Stallings, 1991. "The Political Economy of Latin American Populism," NBER Chapters, in: The Macroeconomics of Populism in Latin America, pages 15-43, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    Cited by:

    1. Casto Martin Montero Kuscevic & Darius Daniel Martin, 2015. "Dollarization and money demand stability in Bolivia," Economics and Business Letters, Oviedo University Press, vol. 4(3), pages 116-122.
    2. Кокорева Мария Сергеевна & Степанова Анастасия Николаевна, 2012. "Financial architecture and corporate performance: evidence from Russia," Journal of Corporate Finance Research Корпоративные финансы, CyberLeninka;Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», issue 2 (22), pages 34-44.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Desintegración Financiera; Central Obrera Boliviana; Bolivia; Populismo; Instituto de Investigaciones Socio - Económicas; IISEC;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Z00 - Other Special Topics - - General - - - General

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