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Economic Viability of Second-Life Electric Vehicle Batteries for Energy Storage in Private Households

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Abstract

We examine the economic viability of second-life batteries from electric vehicles for load shifting and peak shaving in residential applications. We further investigate the expected impact of a growing number of residential storage systems on the electricity market. For the analysis a simulation model of a private household with integrated PV-storage system is used that is parametrized for an electricity demand of three people and a location in southern Germany. The conditions for which investments in second use batteries are profitable are examined for three scenarios. The central scenario S2 tackles an expected net increase in the electricity price by 4% per year. Upward and downward deviations from this price trajectory are covered by scenarios S1 and S3. For scenario S1, we find that investments in storage systems are profitable for all Li-ion battery costs assumed. In scenario S2, the breakeven battery price is found to be 107 € kWh-1, whereas in scenario S3 with the lowest electricity price growth the battery price has to be equal or lower than 73 € kWh-1 to maintain economic viability.

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  • Kirmas, Alexander & Madlener, Reinhard, 2017. "Economic Viability of Second-Life Electric Vehicle Batteries for Energy Storage in Private Households," FCN Working Papers 7/2016, E.ON Energy Research Center, Future Energy Consumer Needs and Behavior (FCN).
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:fcnwpa:2016_007
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    4. Heymans, Catherine & Walker, Sean B. & Young, Steven B. & Fowler, Michael, 2014. "Economic analysis of second use electric vehicle batteries for residential energy storage and load-levelling," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 22-30.
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    Cited by:

    1. Daniele Stampatori & Pier Paolo Raimondi & Michel Noussan, 2020. "Li-Ion Batteries: A Review of a Key Technology for Transport Decarbonization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-23, May.
    2. Yongma Moon & Joongseok Ahn & Wonchang Hur & Wooje Kim & Kwangsup Shin, 2021. "Economic Valuation of Vehicle-Grid Integration (VGI) in a Demand Response Application from Each Stakeholder’s Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-15, February.
    3. Frieling, Julius & Madlener, Reinhard, 2017. "Fueling the US Economy: Energy as a Production Factor from the Great Depression until Today," FCN Working Papers 2/2017, E.ON Energy Research Center, Future Energy Consumer Needs and Behavior (FCN).
    4. Steckel, Tobiah & Kendall, Alissa & Ambrose, Hanjiro, 2021. "Applying levelized cost of storage methodology to utility-scale second-life lithium-ion battery energy storage systems," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt2ws2c6jw, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    5. Hendrik Schmitz & Reinhard Madlener, 2020. "Direct and Indirect Energy Rebound Effects in German Households: A Linearized Almost Ideal Demand System Approach," The Energy Journal, , vol. 41(5), pages 89-118, September.
    6. Tang, Yanyan & Zhang, Qi & Li, Yaoming & Li, Hailong & Pan, Xunzhang & Mclellan, Benjamin, 2019. "The social-economic-environmental impacts of recycling retired EV batteries under reward-penalty mechanism," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    7. Han, Xiaojuan & Liang, Yubo & Ai, Yaoyao & Li, Jianlin, 2018. "Economic evaluation of a PV combined energy storage charging station based on cost estimation of second-use batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 326-339.
    8. Ganna Kostenko & Artur Zaporozhets, 2024. "Transition from Electric Vehicles to Energy Storage: Review on Targeted Lithium-Ion Battery Diagnostics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-17, October.
    9. Tang, Yanyan & Zhang, Qi & Mclellan, Benjamin & Li, Hailong, 2018. "Study on the impacts of sharing business models on economic performance of distributed PV-Battery systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 544-558.
    10. Killer, Marvin & Farrokhseresht, Mana & Paterakis, Nikolaos G., 2020. "Implementation of large-scale Li-ion battery energy storage systems within the EMEA region," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    E-vehicle; Residential electricity; Battery storage; Load shifting; Peak shaving;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices

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