IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/38059.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Test of Higher Moment Capital Asset Pricing Model in Case of Pakistani Equity Market

Author

Listed:
  • Javid, Attiya Yasmin

Abstract

In this study we test the mean-variance capital asset pricing model (CAPM) developed by Sharpe (1965) Lintner (1966) on individual stocks traded at Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE), the main equity market in Pakistan for the period 1993-2004 using daily and monthly data. The empirical findings do not support standard CAPM as a model to explain assets pricing in Pakistani equity market. In response to this finding first, we have extended the model to mean-variance-skewness and mean-variance-skewness-kurtosis model following Kraus and Litzenberger (1976). In the second step we allow the covariance, coskewness and cokurtosis to vary over time in autoregressive context leading to conditional three-moment CAPM and conditional four-moment CAPM. The results of unconditional and conditional higher-moments CAPM reveal that three-moment CAPM performed relatively well in explaining risk-return relationship in Pakistan during the sample period However, the results of higher-moment model indicate that systematic covariance and systematic cokurtosis have marginal role in explaining the asset price behavior in Pakistan.

Suggested Citation

  • Javid, Attiya Yasmin, 2009. "Test of Higher Moment Capital Asset Pricing Model in Case of Pakistani Equity Market," MPRA Paper 38059, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:38059
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/38059/1/MPRA_paper_38059.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sauer, Andreas & Murphy, Austin, 1992. "An empirical comparison of alternative models of capital asset pricing in Germany," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 16(1), pages 183-196, February.
    2. Cook, Thomas J. & Rozeff, Michael S., 1984. "Size and Earnings/Price Ratio Anomalies: One Effect or Two?," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 19(4), pages 449-466, December.
    3. Gabriel Hawawini, "undated". "Market Efficiency and Equity Pricing: International Evidence and Implications for Global Investing," Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research Working Papers 08-88, Wharton School Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research.
    4. Lee, Cheng F., 1977. "Functional Form, Skewness Effect, and the Risk-Return Relationship," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 12(1), pages 55-72, March.
    5. Jansen, Dennis W & de Vries, Casper G, 1991. "On the Frequency of Large Stock Returns: Putting Booms and Busts into Perspective," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 73(1), pages 18-24, February.
    6. Post, Thierry & van Vliet, Pim & Levy, Haim, 2008. "Risk aversion and skewness preference," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(7), pages 1178-1187, July.
    7. Lim, Kian-Guan, 1989. "A New Test of the Three-Moment Capital Asset Pricing Model," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 24(2), pages 205-216, June.
    8. Andrew Ang & Joseph Chen & Yuhang Xing, 2006. "Downside Risk," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 19(4), pages 1191-1239.
      • Andrew Ang & Joseph Chen & Yuhang Xing, 2005. "Downside risk," Proceedings, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    9. Ang, Andrew & Chen, Joseph, 2002. "Asymmetric correlations of equity portfolios," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(3), pages 443-494, March.
    10. Hawawini, Gabriel A., 1980. "An Analytical Examination of the Intervaling Effect on Skewness and Other Moments," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 15(5), pages 1121-1127, December.
    11. Iqbal, Javed & Brooks, Robert & Galagedera, Don U.A., 2010. "Testing conditional asset pricing models: An emerging market perspective," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(5), pages 897-918, September.
    12. Sears, R Stephen & Wei, K C John, 1985. "Asset Pricing, Higher Moments, and the Market Risk Premium: A Note," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 40(4), pages 1251-1253, September.
    13. Robert F. Dittmar, 2002. "Nonlinear Pricing Kernels, Kurtosis Preference, and Evidence from the Cross Section of Equity Returns," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 57(1), pages 369-403, February.
    14. Smith, Daniel R., 2007. "Conditional coskewness and asset pricing," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 91-119, January.
    15. Kane, Alex, 1982. "Skewness Preference and Portfolio Choice," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 17(1), pages 15-25, March.
    16. Green, Christopher J, 1990. "Asset Demands and Asset Prices in the U.K.: Is There a Risk Premium," The Manchester School of Economic & Social Studies, University of Manchester, vol. 58(3), pages 211-228, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Akbar, Muhammad & Nguyen, Thuy Thu, 2016. "The explanatory power of higher moment capital asset pricing model in the Karachi stock exchange," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 241-253.
    2. Tamara Teplova & Evgeniya Shutova, 2011. "A Higher Moment Downside Framework for Conditional and Unconditional Capm in the Russian Stock Market," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 1(2), pages 157-178, December.
    3. Jawad Mohammad & Attiya Yasmin Javid, 2015. "An Analysis of Accrual Anomaly in Case of Karachi Stock Exchange," PIDE-Working Papers 2015:116, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics.
    4. Hafiz Muhammad Zia ul haq & Muhammad Sohail Shafiq & Muhammad Kashif & Saba Ameer, 2020. "Determining Force behind Value Premium: The Case of Financial Leverage and Operating Leverage," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, September.
    5. Madiha Kazmi & Umara Noreen & Imran Abbas Jadoon & Attayah Shafique, 2021. "Downside Beta and Downside Gamma: In Search for a Better Capital Asset Pricing Model," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-14, December.
    6. Syed Aziz Rasool & Adiqa Kausar Kiani & Noor Jehan, 2018. "The Myth of Downside Risk Based Capital Asset Pricing Model: Empirical Evidence from South Asian Countries," Global Social Sciences Review, Humanity Only, vol. 3(3), pages 265-280, September.
    7. Nida SHAH* & Javaid DARS* & Ambreen ZEB**, 2015. "Market Varying Conditional Risk-Return Relationship," Pakistan Journal of Applied Economics, Applied Economics Research Centre, vol. 25(1), pages 25-43.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Attiya Y. Javid & Eatzaz Ahmad, 2008. "Test of Multi-moment Capital Asset Pricing Model: Evidence from Karachi Stock Exchange," PIDE-Working Papers 2008:49, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics.
    2. Tamara Teplova & Evgeniya Shutova, 2011. "A Higher Moment Downside Framework for Conditional and Unconditional Capm in the Russian Stock Market," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 1(2), pages 157-178, December.
    3. Chenglu Jin & Thomas Conlon & John Cotter, 2023. "Co-Skewness across Return Horizons," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 21(5), pages 1483-1518.
    4. Maheu, John M. & McCurdy, Thomas H. & Zhao, Xiaofei, 2013. "Do jumps contribute to the dynamics of the equity premium?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 110(2), pages 457-477.
    5. Sévi, Benoît, 2013. "An empirical analysis of the downside risk-return trade-off at daily frequency," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 189-197.
    6. Anthonisz, Sean A., 2012. "Asset pricing with partial-moments," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 2122-2135.
    7. Bali, Turan G. & Cakici, Nusret & Whitelaw, Robert F., 2011. "Maxing out: Stocks as lotteries and the cross-section of expected returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(2), pages 427-446, February.
    8. Chang, Bo Young & Christoffersen, Peter & Jacobs, Kris, 2013. "Market skewness risk and the cross section of stock returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(1), pages 46-68.
    9. Massimo Guidolin & Giovanna Nicodano, 2009. "Small caps in international equity portfolios: the effects of variance risk," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 5(1), pages 15-48, January.
    10. Harris, Richard D.F. & Nguyen, Linh H. & Stoja, Evarist, 2019. "Systematic extreme downside risk," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 128-142.
    11. Cerrato, Mario & Crosby, John & Kim, Minjoo & Zhao, Yang, 2015. "US Monetary and Fiscal Policies - Conflict or Cooperation?," SIRE Discussion Papers 2015-78, Scottish Institute for Research in Economics (SIRE).
    12. Chi‐Hsiou Hung, 2008. "Return Predictability of Higher‐Moment CAPM Market Models," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 35(7‐8), pages 998-1022, September.
    13. repec:hum:wpaper:sfb649dp2016-001 is not listed on IDEAS
    14. Högholm, Kenneth & Knif, Johan & Koutmos, Gregory & Pynnönen, Seppo, 2011. "Distributional asymmetry of loadings on market co-moments," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 851-866.
    15. Low, Rand Kwong Yew & Alcock, Jamie & Faff, Robert & Brailsford, Timothy, 2013. "Canonical vine copulas in the context of modern portfolio management: Are they worth it?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 3085-3099.
    16. Kostakis, Alexandros & Muhammad, Kashif & Siganos, Antonios, 2012. "Higher co-moments and asset pricing on London Stock Exchange," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 913-922.
    17. Cerrato, Mario & Crosby, John & Kim, Minjoo & Zhao, Yang, 2015. "US Monetary and Fiscal Policies - Conflict or Cooperation?," 2007 Annual Meeting, July 29-August 1, 2007, Portland, Oregon TN 2015-78, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    18. Lin, Yuehao & Lehnert, Thorsten & Wolff, Christian, 2019. "Skewness risk premium: Theory and empirical evidence," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 174-185.
    19. Massimo Guidolin & Allan Timmermann, 2008. "International asset allocation under regime switching, skew, and kurtosis preferences," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 21(2), pages 889-935, April.
    20. Cerrato, Mario & Crosby, John & Kim, Minjoo & Zhao, Yang, 2017. "Relation between higher order comoments and dependence structure of equity portfolio," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 101-120.
    21. I-Hsuan Ethan Chiang, 2016. "Skewness And Coskewness In Bond Returns," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 39(2), pages 145-178, June.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Covariance; coskewness; cokurtosis; non-normal return distribution; capital asset pricing model; time-varying moments;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C29 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Other
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:38059. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.