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A Typology of Long-term Care Systems in Europe

Author

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  • Kraus, Markus
  • Riedel, Monika
  • Mot, Esther
  • Willemé, Peter
  • Röhrling, Gerald
  • Czypionka, Thomas

Abstract

This report summarizes the main results of Work Package 1 of the research project ‘Assessing Needs of Care in European Nations’ (ANCIEN). This report aims at contributing to knowledge on long-tem care (LTC) system design features by developing a typology of LTC system models in EU countries, which are characterized by diverse arrangements for the provision of care/organization and financing. Its approach deviates from existing typologies in a number of ways: It intends to produce a complete portrait of LTC systems without restricting its attention to selected settings, such as ‘nursing homes’, ‘residential care/assisted living’ or ‘home care’. Focus is confined to LTC services rather than covering a broader range of social services. It outlines a typology on the provision of care/organization and financing. This differs from existing work, which concentrates on comparing design features, such as financing alone, building up a system for developing countries or providing lessons for one national system in particular for the Netherlands and the UK. It provides a typology of existing systems rather than an overview of theoretically available possibilities. Unlike the typologies we know of, we also cover new EU member states for which sufficient data could be obtained to enable inclusion in a typology: Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia. Finally, in deriving country clusters the report applies formal methods rather than pursuing a purely qualitative analysis. The limited availability of quantitative data, however, forced the authors to either restrict the number of variables and use more qualitative information, or reduce the number of countries to those with better availability of metric data. Therefore two approaches are presented, one for each kind of restriction. This quantitative approach again is in contrast to the existing typologies of known comprehensive LTC systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Kraus, Markus & Riedel, Monika & Mot, Esther & Willemé, Peter & Röhrling, Gerald & Czypionka, Thomas, 2010. "A Typology of Long-term Care Systems in Europe," MPRA Paper 105160, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:105160
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Ludovico Carrino & Cristina Elisa Orso, 2014. "Eligibility and inclusiveness of Long-Term Care Institutional frameworks in Europe: a cross-country comparison," Working Papers 2014:28, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    2. Eva Boj del Val & M. Mercè Claramunt Bielsa & Xavier Varea Soler, 2020. "Role of Private Long-Term Care Insurance in Financial Sustainability for an Aging Society," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-21, October.
    3. Angermann, Annette & Eichhorst, Werner, 2013. "Who Cares for You at Home? Personal and Household Services in Europe," IZA Policy Papers 71, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Ariaans, Mareike & Linden, Philipp & Wendt, Claus, 2021. "Worlds of long-term care: A typology of OECD countries," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(5), pages 609-617.
    5. Bertin, Giovanni & Carrino, Ludovico & Pantalone, Marta, 2021. "Do standard classifications still represent European welfare typologies? Novel evidence from studies on health and social care," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    6. Schulz, Erika & Geyer, Johannes, 2013. "Societal Change, Care Need and Long-Term Care Workforce in Selected European Countries," EconStor Preprints 128602, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    7. Izabela Styczynska (Marcinkowska), 2012. "Provision of Long Term Care for the Elderly in Poland in Comparison to Other European Countries," CASE Network E-briefs 05, CASE-Center for Social and Economic Research.
    8. Leporatti Lucia & Montefiori Marcello, 2020. "The Challenge of Organizing Elderly Care Programmes: Optimal Policy Design under Complete and Asymmetric Information," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 20(1), pages 1-15, January.
    9. Angermann, Annette & Eichhorst, Werner, 2012. "Unterstützende Dienstleistungen für ältere Menschen im europäischen Vergleich," IZA Research Reports 45, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Alders, Peter & Schut, Frederik T., 2019. "The 2015 long-term care reform in the Netherlands: Getting the financial incentives right?," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(3), pages 312-316.
    11. Matthias Firgo & Klaus Nowotny & Alexander Braun, 2020. "Informal, formal, or both? Assessing the drivers of home care utilization in Austria using a simultaneous decision framework," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(40), pages 4440-4456, August.
    12. Bassetti, Thomas & Rebba, Vincenzo, 2015. "Getting to the Roots of Long-Term Care Needs: A Regression Tree Analysis," MPRA Paper 66167, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Matthias Firgo & Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger, 2014. "Status quo und Zukunftspotentiale der Pflegedienstleistungen in Österreich," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 87(9), pages 631-642, September.
    14. Alders, Peter & Costa-Font, Joan & de Klerk, Mirjam & Frank, Richard, 2015. "What is the impact of policy differences on nursing home utilization? The cases of Germany and the Netherlands," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 119(6), pages 814-820.
    15. Matthias Firgo & Klaus Nowotny & Alexander Braun, 2017. "Austria 2025 – Informal, Formal, or Both? Assessing the Drivers of Home Care Utilisation in Austria Using a Simultaneous Decision Framework," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 59741, February.
    16. Peña-Longobardo, L.M. & Rodríguez-Sánchez, B. & Oliva-Moreno, J., 2021. "The impact of widowhood on wellbeing, health, and care use: A longitudinal analysis across Europe," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 43(C).
    17. Cardoso, Teresa & Oliveira, Mónica Duarte & Barbosa-Póvoa, Ana & Nickel, Stefan, 2015. "An integrated approach for planning a long-term care network with uncertainty, strategic policy and equity considerations," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 247(1), pages 321-334.
    18. Visintin, Stefano & Elvira, Marta & Rodríguez-Lluesma, Carlos, 2013. "Job (in)stability in the European Long-Term Care Workforce," IESE Research Papers D/1078, IESE Business School.
    19. Berger, Johannes & Graf, Nikolaus & Strohner, Ludwig & Thomas, Tobias, 2018. "Pflegefinanzierung in Österreich: Nachhaltigkeit und Reformoptionen," Policy Notes 25, EcoAustria – Institute for Economic Research.
    20. Mirian Fernández Salido & Carolina Moreno-Castro & Francesco Belletti & Stecy Yghemonos & Jorge Garcès Ferrer & Georgia Casanova, 2022. "Innovating European Long-Term Care Policies through the Socio-Economic Support of Families: A Lesson from Practices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-12, March.
    21. Longobardo, Luz María Peña & Rodríguez-Sánchez, Beatriz & Oliva, Juan, 2023. "Does becoming an informal caregiver make your health worse? A longitudinal analysis across Europe," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Long-term care systems; Europe; Typology; Cluster Analysis;
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    JEL classification:

    • I0 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - General

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