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Agricultural Growth, Landlessness, Off-Farm Employment, and Rural Poverty in the Philippines

Author

Listed:
  • Arsenio M. Balisacan

    (School of Economics, University of the Philippines Diliman)

Abstract

Rapid agricultural growth has been suggested as an alternative development strategy for less-developed countries. The paper shows that rapid agricultural growth, as demonstrated by the Philippine experience in the 1960s and 1970s, is not enough to pull the rural poor out of poverty. Economic structures and the economic policy environment must likewise have to be conducive to a rapid growth of productive employment opportunities, particularly in the nonagricultural sector, for the fast growing labor force. The paper also provides a consistent set of poverty estimates which are used to reinterpret (or question) a number of commonplace claims in the Philippine development literature concerning the association between economic growth, income distribution, and poverty as well as the characteristics of the rural poor.

Suggested Citation

  • Arsenio M. Balisacan, 1991. "Agricultural Growth, Landlessness, Off-Farm Employment, and Rural Poverty in the Philippines," UP School of Economics Discussion Papers 199101, University of the Philippines School of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:phs:dpaper:199101
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    Cited by:

    1. World Bank, 2009. "Land Reform, Rural Development, and Poverty in the Philippines : Revisiting the Agenda," World Bank Publications - Reports 18545, The World Bank Group.
    2. Rola-Rubzen, Maria Fay & Hardaker, J. Brian & Dillon, John L., 2001. "Agricultural economists and world poverty: progress and prospects," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 45(1), pages 1-28.
    3. Leonardo A. Lanzona Jr., 2019. "Agrarian Reform and Democracy: Lessons from the Philippine Experience," Millennial Asia, , vol. 10(3), pages 272-298, December.
    4. Balisacan, Arsenio M. & Fuwa, Nobuhiko, 2004. "Going beyond Crosscountry Averages: Growth, Inequality and Poverty Reduction in the Philippines," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 32(11), pages 1891-1907, November.
    5. Lorelei Crisologo-Mendoza; & Dirk Van de gaer, 1997. "Population Growth and Customary Law on Land: The Case of Cordillera Villages in the Philippines," Economics Department Working Paper Series n761197, Department of Economics, National University of Ireland - Maynooth.
    6. Abrigo, Michael Ralph M., 2016. "Who Weans with Commodity Price Shocks? Rice Prices and Breastfeeding in the Philippines," Discussion Papers DP 2016-28, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    7. Nelson, R.A. & Cramb, R.A. & Mamicpic, M.A., 1998. "Erosion/productivity modelling of maize farming in the Philippine uplands: Part III: economic analysis of alternative farming methods," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 58(2), pages 165-183, October.
    8. James, William & Roumasset, James, 1992. "HOW to Facilitate or Stifle Economic Development: The Role of Agriculture in Indonesia and the Philippines," MPRA Paper 14848, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Peter G. Warr & Frances Wollmer, 1996. "The Demand For Ldc Exports Of Primary Commodities: The Case Of The Philippines," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 40(1), pages 37-49, April.
    10. Barrios, Erniel B. & Mina, Christian D., 2009. "Profiling Poverty with Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines," Discussion Papers DP 2009-29, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    11. Llanto, Gilberto M. & Garcia, Edgardo & Callanta, Ruth, 1996. "An Assessment of the Capacity of Financial Performance of Microfinance Institutions: The Philippine Case," Discussion Papers DP 1996-12, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    12. repec:phd:pjdevt:jpd_1991_vol__xviii_no__1-c is not listed on IDEAS
    13. Balisacan, Arsenio M., 1991. "Linkages, Poverty and Income Distribution," Working Papers WP 1991-15, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    14. Balisacan, Arsenio M., 1994. "Agricultural Growth and Rural Incomes: Rural Performance Indicators and Consumption Patterns," Discussion Papers DP 1994-12, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    15. Unknown, 1997. "A New Soil Conservation Methodology and Application to Cropping Systems in Tropical Steeplands: A comparative synthesis of results obtained in ACIAR Project PN 9201," Technical Reports 113906, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research.
    16. Genesis T. Yengoh & Frederick Ato Armah & Edward Ebo Onumah, 2010. "Paths to Attaining Food Security: The Case of Cameroon," Challenges, MDPI, vol. 1(1), pages 1-22, August.
    17. Ian A. Coxhead & Peter G. Warr, 1995. "Does Technical Progress In Agriculture Alleviate Poverty? A Philippine Case Study," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 39(1), pages 25-54, April.
    18. Peter Warr, 2002. "Export taxes and income distribution: The Philippines coconut levy," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 138(3), pages 437-458, September.
    19. Ye Sun & Tomohiro Akiyama, 2018. "An Empirical Study on Sustainable Agriculture Land Use Right Transfer in the Heihe River Basin," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-13, February.
    20. Roehlano M. Briones, 2009. "Agricultural Diversification and the Fruits and Vegetables Sub-Sector : Policy Issues and Development Constraints in the Philippines," Development Economics Working Papers 22951, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
    21. Holden, Stein T,, 2017. "Policies for Improved Food Security: - The Roles of Land Tenure Policies and Land Markets," CLTS Working Papers 9/17, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Centre for Land Tenure Studies, revised 21 Oct 2019.
    22. Abrigo, Michael R.M., 2016. "Who Weans with Commodity Price Shocks? Rice Prices and Breastfeeding in the Philippines," Research Paper Series DP 2016-28, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    23. Arsenio M. Balisacan & Nobuhiko Fuwa, 2004. "Changes in Spatial Income Inequality in the Philippines: An Exploratory Analysis," WIDER Working Paper Series RP2004-34, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).

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