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How teachers teach and students learn: Successful strategies for school

Author

Listed:
  • Alfonso Echazarra

    (OECD)

  • Daniel Salinas

    (OECD)

  • Ildefonso Méndez

    (Universidad de Murcia)

  • Vanessa Denis

    (OECD)

  • Giannina Rech

    (OECD)

Abstract

This paper examines how particular teaching and learning strategies are related to student performance on specific PISA test questions, particularly mathematics questions. The report compares teacher-directed instruction and memorisation learning strategies, at the traditional ends of the teaching and learning spectrums, and student-oriented instruction and elaboration learning strategies, at the opposite ends. Other teaching strategies, such as formative assessment and cognitive activation, and learning approaches, such as control strategies, are also analysed. Our analyses suggest that to perform at the top, students cannot rely on memory alone; they need to approach mathematics strategically and creatively to succeed in the most complex problems. There is also some evidence that most teaching strategies have a role to play in the classroom. To varying degrees, students need to learn from teachers, be informed about their progress and work independently and collaboratively; above all, they need to be constantly challenged. Ce document examine le lien entre certaines stratégies d’enseignement et d’apprentissage, et la performance des élèves dans certains items de l’évaluation PISA, en particulier en mathématiques. Il compare d’un côté (traditionnel), les stratégies d’instruction dirigée par l’enseignant et d’apprentissage par mémorisation, et de l’autre (à l’autre extrémité du spectre), les stratégies d’instruction centrée sur l’élève et d’apprentissage par élaboration. D’autres stratégies d’enseignement, telles que l’évaluation formative et l’activation cognitive, et approches de l’apprentissage, telles que les stratégies de contrôle, sont également examinées. Nos analyses semblent indiquer que pour être parmi les plus performants, les élèves ne peuvent pas compter uniquement sur leurs capacités de mémorisation ; pour réussir à résoudre les problèmes les plus complexes, ils doivent avoir une approche stratégique et créative des mathématiques. En outre, certains résultats indiquent que la plupart des stratégies d’enseignement ont un rôle à jouer en classe. À des degrés divers, les élèves doivent apprendre de leurs enseignants, être informés de leurs progrès et travailler seuls ou en groupe ; mais avant tout, ils doivent se sentir stimulés en permanence.

Suggested Citation

  • Alfonso Echazarra & Daniel Salinas & Ildefonso Méndez & Vanessa Denis & Giannina Rech, 2016. "How teachers teach and students learn: Successful strategies for school," OECD Education Working Papers 130, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:eduaab:130-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm29kpt0xxx-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Pierre Lefebvre & Philip Merrigan, 2020. "Les inégalités provinciales aux tests internationaux-nationaux de littéracie : Québec, Ontario et autres provinces canadiennes 1993-2018 [Provincial achievement gaps from literacy surveys condu," Working Papers 20-02, Research Group on Human Capital, University of Quebec in Montreal's School of Management, revised Oct 2020.
    2. Gil-Izquierdo, María & Cordero, José Manuel, 2017. "Guidelines for data fusion with international large scale assessments: Insights from the TALIS-PISA link," MPRA Paper 79781, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Pierre Lefebvre & Philip Merrigan, 2020. "Les inégalités provinciales aux tests internationaux-nationaux de littéracie : Québec, Ontario et autres provinces canadiennes 1993-2018 (Version révisée et augmentée octobre 2020)," CIRANO Working Papers 2020s-29, CIRANO.
    4. Cordero, Jose M. & Gil-Izquierdo, María, 2018. "The effect of teaching strategies on student achievement: An analysis using TALIS-PISA-link," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 40(6), pages 1313-1331.
    5. Sara Lamboglia & Massimiliano Stacchini, 2022. "Financial literacy, numeracy and schooling: evidence from developed countries," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 722, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.

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