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L'aide au développement et les autres flux nord-sud : Complémentarité ou substitution ?

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  • Denis Cogneau
  • Sylvie Lambert

Abstract

Cet article s’inscrit dans une réflexion générale sur la cohérence des politiques suivies par les pays du nord dans leurs relations avec les pays du sud. Il s’interroge sur les interactions entre les politiques d’aide, les politiques commerciales, les investissements directs étrangers et les flux de migrations sud-nord. Pour l’essentiel, il est consacré à la question de savoir si l’aide est allouée à des pays qui bénéficient ou pâtissent des autres politiques considérées. Il apparaît que, dans un contexte de forte polarisation des échanges commerciaux et des flux de capitaux et de politiques migratoires biaisées en faveur du travail qualifié, l’aide publique au développement revêt de plus en plus un rôle de compensation des autres flux qui relient les pays développés et les pays en développement, alors même que son poids relatif et donc son pouvoir de compensation a diminué. Par ailleurs, cet article s’intéresse également à un deuxième aspect de la question, celui de l’impact des politiques menées dans les autres domaines sur l’efficacité du dollar d’aide à réduire la pauvreté. Cependant l’identification empirique de l’existence d’une complémentarité positive entre l’aide et les autres politiques du Nord apparaît comme particulièrement difficile. This paper studies interactions between aid and three other major North-South flows : international trade, FDI and migrations. It mainly focuses on the question of whether aid is allocated to countries that are benefiting from the other flows considered here or the reverse. It appears that aid allocation is increasingly compensatory, while its relative weight among other flows, and hence its compensatory power, has decreased over the past three decades. This paper also addresses whether policies carried out in the other dimensions affect the efficiency of a dollar of aid in terms of the poverty reduction. Nevertheless, it appears that the empirical identification of positive complementarities between aid and other policies is particularly difficult to reach.

Suggested Citation

  • Denis Cogneau & Sylvie Lambert, 2006. "L'aide au développement et les autres flux nord-sud : Complémentarité ou substitution ?," OECD Development Centre Working Papers 251, OECD Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:oec:devaaa:251-fr
    DOI: 10.1787/424111731107
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. de Sousa, José & Mayer, Thierry & Zignago, Soledad, 2012. "Market access in global and regional trade," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(6), pages 1037-1052.
    2. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/10187 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Llavador, Humberto G. & Roemer, John E., 2001. "An equal-opportunity approach to the allocation of international aid," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(1), pages 147-171, February.
    4. Ryan Macdonald & John Hoddinott, 2004. "Determinants of Canadian bilateral aid allocations: humanitarian, commercial or political?," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 37(2), pages 294-312, May.
    5. P. Guillaumont & L. Chauvet, 2001. "Aid and Performance: A Reassessment," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(6), pages 66-92.
    6. Dollar, David & Levin, Victoria, 2004. "Increasing selectivity of foreign aid, 1984-2002," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3299, The World Bank.
    7. Hansen, Henrik & Tarp, Finn, 2001. "Aid and growth regressions," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(2), pages 547-570, April.
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    9. Michael A. Clemens & Steven Radelet & Rikhil Bhavnani, 2004. "Counting chickens when they hatch: The short-term effect of aid on growth," International Finance 0407010, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    Cited by:

    1. Thierry Mayer, 2006. "Policy Coherence for Development : A Background paper on Foreign Direct Investment," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-01065640, HAL.
    2. Emmanuel Frot & Javier Santiso, 2008. "Development Aid and Portfolio Funds: Trends, Volatility and Fragmentation," OECD Development Centre Working Papers 275, OECD Publishing.
    3. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/10184 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/10184 is not listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • F35 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Aid

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