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La localisation de la firme sur un réseau

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  • HANJOUL, Pierre
  • THISSE, Jacques-François

Abstract

Depuis Launhardt et Weber, la théorie de la localisation de la firme s'est développée à partir d'un modèle particulier de la firme dans lequel le critère de décision est la minimisation des frais de transport. Que ce modèle,généralement dénommé webérien, subsiste toujours comme référence de base en dépit de sa différence avec le modèle néo-classique de la firme, n'estpas pour surprendre quand on connaît la place mineure que l'économie spatiale occupe en analyse économique. Malgré les apparences, ce hiatus théorique n'a pas de conséquences graves pour l'étude des problèmes de localisation. Hasard, ou peut-être intuition des fondateurs, le détour par le modèle webérien apparaît en effet comme un raccourci qui conduit au modèle néoclassique. L'argument est simple - il sera repris dans plusieurs propositions de cet article : un emplacement qui maximise le profit de la firme minimise en même temps le coût de transport inscrit dans 'le profit. En conséquence, les propriétés de la solution du modèle webérien sont aussi celles de la solution du modèle néo-classique. (Dès lors, on reprend dans certains passages de cet article des éléments de preuve donnés ailleurs dans le cas du modèle webérien). I l existe malheureusement des exceptions à cette règle d'équivalence qui, on s'en doute, correspondent à des problèmes de localisation difficiles à traiter tant du point de vue théorique que numérique.(...)
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Suggested Citation

  • HANJOUL, Pierre & THISSE, Jacques-François, 1982. "La localisation de la firme sur un réseau," Institut des Mathématiques Economiques – Document de travail de l’I.M.E. (1974-1993) 59, Institut des Mathématiques Economiques. LATEC, Laboratoire d'Analyse et des Techniques EConomiques, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne.
  • Handle: RePEc:lat:imefth:59
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wendell, R. E. & McKelvey, R. D., 1981. "New perspectives in competitive location theory," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 6(2), pages 174-182, February.
    2. Hansen, Pierre & Thisse, Jacques-Francois & Hanjoul, Pierre, 1981. "Simple plant location under uniform delivered pricing," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 6(2), pages 94-103, February.
    3. Nti, Kofi O. & Shubik, Martin, 1981. "Noncooperative oligopoly with entry," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 187-204, April.
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    1. Claude LACOUR (IERSO, IFReDE-GRES) & Stéphane VIROL (IERSO, IFReDE-GRES), 2005. "European regional policy: new bases, new borders? (In French)," Cahiers du GRES (2002-2009) 2005-21, Groupement de Recherches Economiques et Sociales.

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