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The Importance of the Retention Ratio in a Kaleckian Model with Debt Accumulation

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  • Hiroaki Sasaki
  • Shinya Fujita

Abstract

Hein (2007) investigates the effects of debt of firms and interest rates on output and growth, and obtains the following three results. First, the long-run equilibrium is stable only if the short-run equilibrium is debt-led growth. Second, to obtain a positive long-run equilibrium value of the debt-capital ratio under the debt-led growth regime, extremely high interest rates are necessary. Third, the long-run equilibrium value of the rate of capital accumulation is increasing in interest rates and is independent of income distribution. However, these conclusions depend crucially on the assumption that the retention ratio of firms is equal to unity, and hence, that there is no dividend to shareholders. By relaxing the above assumption, we show in this paper that even the long-run equilibrium under the debt-burdened growth regime can be stable and that the long-run equilibrium value of the debt-capital ratio will be positive with plausible interest rates irrespective of whether the long-run equilibrium is debt-led growth or debt-burdened growth. Moreover, the effects of interest rates and income distribution on capital accumulation differ from regime to regime.

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  • Hiroaki Sasaki & Shinya Fujita, 2010. "The Importance of the Retention Ratio in a Kaleckian Model with Debt Accumulation," Discussion papers e-10-008, Graduate School of Economics Project Center, Kyoto University.
    • Handle: RePEc:kue:dpaper:e-10-008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Hiroshi Nishi, 2011. "Formalizing Debt-led and Debt-burdened Growth Regimes with Endogenous Macrodynamics of Minskian Financial Structure: A Long-run Analysis," Discussion papers e-10-016, Graduate School of Economics Project Center, Kyoto University.
    2. Nikolaidi, Maria, 2014. "Margins of safety and instability in a macrodynamic model with Minskyan insights," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 1-16.
    3. Pintu Parui, 2022. "Corporate debt, endogenous dividend rate, instability and growth," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 73(2), pages 514-549, May.
    4. Pintu Parui, 2023. "Worker household debt, functional income distribution and growth: A neo‐Kaleckian perspective," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 74(2), pages 446-476, May.
    5. Hiroaki Sasaki, 2017. "Financialization and Distribution in a Kaleckian Model with Firms’ Debt Accumulation," Discussion papers e-16-013, Graduate School of Economics , Kyoto University.
    6. Roberto Veneziani & Luca Zamparelli & Maria Nikolaidi & Engelbert Stockhammer, 2017. "Minsky Models: A Structured Survey," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(5), pages 1304-1331, December.
    7. Eckhard Hein, 2017. "Stagnation policy in the Eurozone and economic policy alternatives," FMM Working Paper 05-2017, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
    8. Eckhard Hein, 2016. "Secular stagnation or stagnation policy? Steindl after Summers," PSL Quarterly Review, Economia civile, vol. 69(276), pages 3-47.
    9. Murakami, Hiroki & Asada, Toichiro, 2018. "Inflation-deflation expectations and economic stability in a Kaleckian system," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 183-201.
    10. Hiroshi Nishi, 2014. "Varieties of economic growth regimes, types of macroeconomic policies and policy regimes: a post-Keynesian analysis," Chapters, in: Hideko Magara (ed.), Economic Crises and Policy Regimes, chapter 5, pages 101-123, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    11. Reiner Franke, 2016. "A Supplementary Note on Professor Hein's (2013) Version of A Kaleckian Debt Accumulation," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 67(3), pages 529-550, July.
    12. Hiroaki Sasaki & Shinya Fujita, 2012. "Income Distribution, Debt Accumulation, and Financial Fragility in a Kaleckian Model with Labor Supply Constraints," Discussion papers e-12-007, Graduate School of Economics Project Center, Kyoto University.
    13. Eckhard Hein, 2018. "Stagnation policy in the Eurozone and economic policy alternatives: A Steindlian/neo-Kaleckian perspective," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 44(3), pages 315-348.
    14. Min-Chang Ko & Sangheon Lee, 2015. "Corporate Debt Dynamics, Capital Accumulation, and Macroeconomic Instability: A Post-Keynesian Analysis," Korean Economic Review, Korean Economic Association, vol. 31, pages 177-197.
    15. Hiroaki Sasaki & Shinya Fujita, 2014. "Pro-shareholder income distribution, debt accumulation, and cyclical fluctuations in a post-Keynesian model with labor supply constraints," European Journal of Economics and Economic Policies: Intervention, Edward Elgar Publishing, vol. 11(1), pages 10-30, April.
    16. Eckhard Hein, 2017. "Post-Keynesian macroeconomics since the mid 1990s: main developments," European Journal of Economics and Economic Policies: Intervention, Edward Elgar Publishing, vol. 14(2), pages 131-172, September.
    17. Kemp-Benedict, Eric, 2015. "A Minskian extension to Kaleckian dynamics," MPRA Paper 65186, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Lojak, Benjamin, 2016. "Sentiment-driven investment, non-linear corporate debt dynamics and co-existing business cycle regimes," BERG Working Paper Series 112, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    19. Christian Schoder, 2015. "Methodological, internal and ontological inconsistencies in the conventional micro-foundation of post-Keynesian theory," Working Papers 1518, New School for Social Research, Department of Economics.
    20. Hiroaki Sasaki, 2016. "Increased Shareholder Power, Income Distribution, and Employment in a Neo-Kaleckian Model with Conflict Inflation," Discussion papers e-16-008, Graduate School of Economics , Kyoto University.
    21. Yun K. Kim & Alan G. Isaac, 2017. "Firms’ Retention Behavior, Debt, and Macroeconomic Dynamics," Working Papers 2017_04, University of Massachusetts Boston, Economics Department.
    22. Franke, Rainer & Yanovski, Boyan, 2015. "On the long-run equilibrium value of Tobin's average Q," FinMaP-Working Papers 49, Collaborative EU Project FinMaP - Financial Distortions and Macroeconomic Performance: Expectations, Constraints and Interaction of Agents.
    23. Toshio Watanabe, 2021. "Reconsideration of the IS–LM model and limitations of monetary policy: a Tobin–Minsky model," Evolutionary and Institutional Economics Review, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 103-129, April.
    24. Sasaki, Hiroaki, 2024. "The Paradox of Technological Progress, Growth, Distribution, and Employment in a Demand-led Framework," MPRA Paper 121694, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    25. Kenshiro Ninomiya, 2017. "Financial Structure and Instability in an Open Economy," Discussion Papers CRR Discussion Paper Series B: Financial 16, Shiga University, Faculty of Economics,Center for Risk Research.

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