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Incomplete Catching Up: Income among Manchurian, Yi and Han People in Rural China from 2002 to 2018

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  • Gustafsson, Björn Anders

    (Göteborg University)

  • Zhang, Yudan

    (Beijing Normal University)

Abstract

Household income per capita among the rural Yi, Manchurian ethnic minority groups and the Han majority is studied using data from the China Household Income Project 2002, 2013 and 2018. The disparity in total per capita income between the Yi and Han populations narrowed, while the average income among the Manchurian population remained relatively similar to that among the Han population. Decomposing total income into sources shows that the rapid increase in agricultural income among the Yi was a main reason why the disparity in income compared to the two other ethnic groups narrowed. Nevertheless, it is true that the reliance on agricultural income among the Yi became less extreme as wage employment and migration increased. The Manchurian group and the Han group also experienced rapid increases in wages and self-employment income. The aggregated value of transfers from the public sector was similar for all three ethnic groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Gustafsson, Björn Anders & Zhang, Yudan, 2022. "Incomplete Catching Up: Income among Manchurian, Yi and Han People in Rural China from 2002 to 2018," IZA Discussion Papers 15219, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp15219
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    China; ethnic minorities; Han; Manchurian; income; Yi;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • P36 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions - - - Consumer Economics; Health; Education and Training; Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Poverty

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