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Monetary Policy, Fiscal Policy, and the Inflation Tax: Equivalence Results

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  • Bhattacharya, Joydeep
  • Haslag, Joseph
  • Russell, Steven

Abstract

This paper clarifies and extends previous work on the equivalence between monetary regimes and fiscal regimes involving social security systems. We show that monetary regimes of the type we study are equivalent to two alternative types of social security regimes. This result has two important implications. One is that financing a real expenditure by increasing the inflation rate is equivalent, across regimes, to financing the expenditure by increasing the tax rate on social security benefits. The other is that a wide range of monetary policy actions are equivalent, across regimes, to fiscal policy actions that change the scale of the social security system and the tax rates on social security benefits and/or bank deposits.

Suggested Citation

  • Bhattacharya, Joydeep & Haslag, Joseph & Russell, Steven, 2003. "Monetary Policy, Fiscal Policy, and the Inflation Tax: Equivalence Results," Staff General Research Papers Archive 10249, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:isu:genres:10249
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Barro, Robert J, 1974. "Are Government Bonds Net Wealth?," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 82(6), pages 1095-1117, Nov.-Dec..
    2. Bacchetta, Philippe & Caminal, Ramon, 1994. "A note on reserve requirements and public finance," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 3(1), pages 107-118.
    3. Sargent, Thomas J & Smith, Bruce D, 1987. "Irrelevance of Open Market Operations in Some Economies with Government Currency Being Dominated in Rate of Return," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 77(1), pages 78-92, March.
    4. Highfield, Richard A. & O'Hara, Maureen & Smith, Bruce, 1996. "Do open market operations matter? Theory and evidence from the Second Bank of the United States," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 20(1-3), pages 479-519.
    5. Mourmouras, Alex & Russell, Steven, 1992. "Optimal reserve requirements, deposit taxation, and the demand for money," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(1), pages 129-142, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ho Wai-Ming, 2020. "Liquidity constraints, international trade, and optimal monetary policy," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, vol. 20(2), pages 1-29, June.
    2. Kang, Minwook & Kim, Eungsik, 2023. "A government policy with time-inconsistent consumers," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 44-67.
    3. Arbex, Marcelo & Turdaliev, Nurlan, 2011. "Optimal monetary and audit policy with imperfect taxation," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 327-340, June.
    4. Gahvari, Firouz, 2007. "The Friedman rule: Old and new," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(2), pages 581-589, March.

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