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Agro-Economic Determinants of Violations of Protected Areas in Western Africa

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Abstract

Protected areas are a widely diffused instrument for preserving the environment by restricting human activities in locations with a high natural value. However, such restrictions may create discontent on nearby inhabitants or on economic actors that are prevented from exploiting the resources present in protected areas. This may easily lead to violations. Encroachment, the use of land inside protected areas for agricultural purposes, is a common violation. The present paper investigates the determinants of encroachment in Western African countries. The focus is placed on the agro-economic determinants. Protected areas in locations with strong agricultural vocation or with high percentage of protected land are more likely to be subject to violations. Furthermore, economic deprivation and land profitability are other two mild drivers of encroachment together with mechanization. Other indicators of modern practices such as irrigation and use of inorganic fertilizers, instead, do not increase the probability of violations to protected areas.

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  • Marco Rogna, 2023. "Agro-Economic Determinants of Violations of Protected Areas in Western Africa," JRC Working Papers on Economic Analysis of Policies for Africa 2023-03, Joint Research Centre.
    • Handle: RePEc:ipt:eapoaf:202303
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joshua H. Daskin & Robert M. Pringle, 2018. "Warfare and wildlife declines in Africa’s protected areas," Nature, Nature, vol. 553(7688), pages 328-332, January.
    2. Heltberg, Rasmus, 2001. "Determinants and impact of local institutions for common resource management," Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 6(2), pages 183-208, May.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Africa; Agriculture; Encroachment; Protected Areas; Tobit.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q12 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy
    • Q24 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Land
    • Q57 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Ecological Economics

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