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Urbanization and spatial patterns of internal migration in India

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  • S. Chandrasekhar

    (Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research)

  • Ajay Sharma

    (Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research)

Abstract

With an urbanization level of 31.16 percent in 2011, India is the least urbanized country among the top 10 economies of the world. In addition, unlike other countries, the transition of workforce out of agriculture is incomplete. This coupled with jobless growth in recent years has contributed to an increase in certain migration streams. While rural-rural migration continues to be the largest in terms of magnitude, we also document an increase in two-way commuting across rural and urban areas. Further, there are a large number of short term migrants and an increase in return migration rate is also observed.

Suggested Citation

  • S. Chandrasekhar & Ajay Sharma, 2014. "Urbanization and spatial patterns of internal migration in India," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2014-016, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    • Handle: RePEc:ind:igiwpp:2014-016
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    1. Ejaz Ghani & Arti Grover Goswami & William R. Kerr, 2012. "Is India’s Manufacturing Sector Moving Away From Cities?," Harvard Business School Working Papers 12-090, Harvard Business School.
    2. Sharma, Ajay & Chandrasekhar, S., 2014. "Growth of the Urban Shadow, Spatial Distribution of Economic Activities, and Commuting by Workers in Rural and Urban India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 154-166.
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    9. S. Chandrasekhar & Ajay Sharma, "undated". "Internal Migration for Education and Employment among Youth in India," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2014-004, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Md. Selim Reja, 2022. "Out-Migration of Muslim Youth from Rural West Bengal to Other States in India: Reasons and Role of Social Networks," The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Springer;The Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE), vol. 65(4), pages 1137-1154, December.
    3. Chandrasekhar, S & Sharma, Ajay & Mishra, Sumit, 2017. "Transport Mode Choice for Commuting: Evidence from India," SocArXiv qh8m5, Center for Open Science.
    4. Ellen M Hoffmann & Verena Konerding & Sunil Nautiyal & Andreas Buerkert, 2019. "Is the push-pull paradigm useful to explain rural-urban migration? A case study in Uttarakhand, India," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(4), pages 1-22, April.
    5. Shaoyao Zhang & Xueqian Song & Jiangjun Wan & Ying Liu & Wei Deng, 2019. "The Features of Rural Labor Transfer and Cultural Differences: Evidence from China’s Southwest Mountainous Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-15, March.
    6. Prabal K. De & Laxman Timilsina, 2020. "Cash‐based maternal health interventions can improve childhood vaccination—Evidence from India," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(10), pages 1202-1219, October.
    7. Moinak MAITI, 2017. "Urbanisation and inequalities in China and India. Overview and comparative study," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(4(613), W), pages 121-136, Winter.
    8. Qian Zhang & Joris Hoekstra, 2020. "Policies towards Migrants in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Region, China: Does Local Hukou Still Matter after the Hukou Reform?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-24, December.
    9. Nayef Alghais & David Pullar & Elin Charles-Edwards, 2018. "Accounting for peoples’ preferences in establishing new cities: A spatial model of population migration in Kuwait," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(12), pages 1-31, December.
    10. Fennell, Shailaja & Kaur, Prabhjot & Jhunjhunwala, Ashok & Narayanan, Deapika & Loyola, Charles & Bedi, Jaskiran & Singh, Yaadveer, 2018. "Examining linkages between Smart Villages and Smart Cities: Learning from rural youth accessing the internet in India," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(10), pages 810-823.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Internal migration streams; Short term migration; Commuting; Return migration; Regional labour mobility;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development

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