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Who Doesn’t Want to be Vaccinated? Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy During COVID-19

Author

Listed:
  • Hibah Khan
  • Ms. Era Dabla-Norris
  • Frederico Lima
  • Alexandre Sollaci

Abstract

Quick vaccine rollouts are crucial for a strong economic recovery, but vaccine hesitancy could prolong the pandemic and the need for social distancing and lockdowns. We use individual-level data from nationally representative surveys developed by YouGov and Imperial College London to empirically examine the determinants of vaccine hesitancy across 17 countries and over time. Vaccine demand depends on demographic features such as age and gender, but also on perceptions about the severity of COVID-19 and side effects of the vaccine, vaccine access, compliance with protective behaviors, overall trust in government, and how information is shared with peers. We then introduce vaccine hesitancy into an extended SIR model to assess its impact on pandemic dynamics. We find that hesitancy can increase COVID-19 infections and deaths significantly if it slows down vaccine rollouts, but has a smaller impact if all willing adults can be immunized rapidly.

Suggested Citation

  • Hibah Khan & Ms. Era Dabla-Norris & Frederico Lima & Alexandre Sollaci, 2021. "Who Doesn’t Want to be Vaccinated? Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy During COVID-19," IMF Working Papers 2021/130, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2021/130
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    Cited by:

    1. Steven Stillman & Mirco Tonin, 2022. "Communities and testing for COVID-19," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 23(4), pages 617-625, June.
    2. Thuilliez, Josselin & Touré, Nouhoum, 2024. "Opinions and vaccination during an epidemic," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    3. Hoy,Christopher Alexander & Rajee Kanagavel & Cameron,Corey Morales, 2022. "Intra-Household Dynamics and Attitudes toward Vaccines : Experimental and Survey Evidencefrom Zambia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10136, The World Bank.
    4. Shanike J. Smart & Solomon W. Polachek, 2024. "COVID-19 vaccine and risk-taking," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Springer, vol. 68(1), pages 25-49, February.
    5. Belmonte, A & Pickard, H, 2022. "Safe at Last? LATE Effects of a Mass Immunization Campaign on Households’ Economic Insecurity," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 604, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    6. JungHo Park, 2023. "Regional Disparities in COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: The Moderating Role of Social Distancing and Vaccine Rollout in the U.S," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 46(5-6), pages 577-612, September.
    7. Hwang, Jisoo & Hwang, Seung-sik & Kim, Hyuncheol Bryant & Lee, Jungmin & Lee, Junseok, 2023. "Risk Compensation after COVID-19 Vaccination," IZA Discussion Papers 16053, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    8. Pragyan Deb & Davide Furceri & Daniel Jimenez & Siddharth Kothari & Jonathan D. Ostry & Nour Tawk, 2023. "Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Rollouts and Their Effects on Health Outcomes," Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 71-89, January.
    9. Galdikiene, Laura & Jaraite, Jurate & Kajackaite, Agne, 2022. "Trust and vaccination intentions: Evidence from Lithuania during the COVID-19 pandemic," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 17(11), pages 1-1.
    10. Mendolia, Silvia & Walker, Ian, 2023. "COVID-19 vaccination intentions and subsequent uptake: An analysis of the role of marginalisation in society using British longitudinal data," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    11. Jisoo Hwang & Seung‐sik Hwang & Hyuncheol Bryant Kim & Jungmin Lee & Junseok Lee, 2024. "Risk compensation after COVID‐19 vaccination: Evidence from vaccine rollout by exact birth date in South Korea," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(8), pages 1811-1830, August.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    vaccine hesitancy; vaccine demand; vaccine rollout; General vaccine acceptance; vaccine intent; COVID-19; Aging; Global;
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