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Leverage? What Leverage? A Deep Dive into the U.S. Flow of Funds in Search of Clues to the Global Crisis

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  • Mr. Tamim Bayoumi
  • Mr. Ashok Vir Bhatia

Abstract

This paper questions the view that leverage should have forewarned us of the global financial crisis of 2007-09, pointing to several gearing indicators that were neither useful portents of the onset of the crisis nor of its ferocity. Instead it shows, first, that the use of ill-suited collateral in the secured funding operations of U.S.-based investment banks was the fatal link between the collapse of structured finance and the global malfunction of funding markets that turbocharged the downdraft; and, second, that this insight (and others) can be decrypted from the Flow of Funds Accounts of the United States.

Suggested Citation

  • Mr. Tamim Bayoumi & Mr. Ashok Vir Bhatia, 2012. "Leverage? What Leverage? A Deep Dive into the U.S. Flow of Funds in Search of Clues to the Global Crisis," IMF Working Papers 2012/162, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2012/162
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mr. Ashok Vir Bhatia, 2007. "New Landscape, New Challenges: Structural Change and Regulation in the U.S. Financial Sector," IMF Working Papers 2007/195, International Monetary Fund.
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    5. Adam Copeland & Antoine Martin & Michael Walker, 2010. "The tri-party repo market before the 2010 reforms," Staff Reports 477, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    6. William Dudley, 2009. "More lessons from the crisis," Speech 5, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    7. Mr. Manmohan Singh & James Aitken, 2010. "The (Sizable) Role of Rehypothecation in the Shadow Banking System," IMF Working Papers 2010/172, International Monetary Fund.
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    Cited by:

    1. Daniel Carvalho, 2022. "Intra-financial assets and the intermediation role of the financial sector," Trinity Economics Papers tep0622, Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics.
    2. Jakab, Zoltan & Kumhof, Michael, 2018. "Banks are not intermediaries of loanable funds — facts, theory and evidence," Bank of England working papers 761, Bank of England, revised 17 Jan 2020.
    3. Herman, Alexander & Igan, Deniz & Solé, Juan, 2017. "The macroeconomic relevance of bank and nonbank credit: An exploration of U.S. data," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 124-141.
    4. Juan A. Montecino & Gerald Epstein, 2014. "Intra-Financial Lending, Credit, and Capital Formation," Working Papers Series 21, Institute for New Economic Thinking.
    5. Bodin Civilize & Thaisiri Watewai & Sakkapop Panyanukul & Kaipichit Ruengsrichaiya, 2019. "Mapping Thailand's Financial Landscape: A Perspective through Balance Sheet Linkages and Contagion," PIER Discussion Papers 114, Puey Ungphakorn Institute for Economic Research.
    6. Alexander Herman & Ms. Deniz O Igan & Mr. Juan Sole, 2015. "The Macroeconomic Relevance of Credit Flows: An Exploration of U.S. Data," IMF Working Papers 2015/143, International Monetary Fund.

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