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Measuring a Roller Coaster: Evidenceon the Finnish Output Gap

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  • Mr. Andreas Billmeier

Abstract

The output gap-which measures the deviation of actual output from its potential-is frequently used as an indicator of slack in an economy. This paper estimates the Finnish output gap using various empirical methods. It evaluates these methods against economic history and each other by a simulated out-of-sample forecasting exercise for Finnish CPI inflation. Only two gap measures, stemming from a frequency domain approach and the Blanchard-Quah decomposition, perform better than the naïve prediction of no change in inflation-but do not improve upon a simple autoregressive forecast. The pronounced volatility of output in Finland makes it particularly difficult to estimate potential output, producing considerable uncertainty about the size (and sign) of the gap.

Suggested Citation

  • Mr. Andreas Billmeier, 2004. "Measuring a Roller Coaster: Evidenceon the Finnish Output Gap," IMF Working Papers 2004/057, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2004/057
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    WP; output gap measure; BQ output gap; real GDP; Finland; output gap; potential output; inflation forecasting; output gap estimation method; HP estimation approach; output gap estimate; Unemployment rate; Total factor productivity; Inflation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E37 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications

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