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Structural reform in Latin America: What has been reformed and how it can be quantified (updated Version)

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  • Eduardo Lora

Abstract

This study evaluates the major changes in the main sectors of structural economy policy in Latin America between 1985 and 2009, and proposes a set of indices intended to measure the extent to which commercial, financial, tax, privatization and labor policies are favorable for the free operation of the various markets. In a scale that ranges from 0 to 1, the average index for all the countries and all the areas of structural policy rose from 0. 39 in 1985 to 0. 6 by the end of the 90s and to 0. 65 by the end of the decade of 2000. The structural reforms have been deep, particularly in the commercial and financial sectors and, to a lesser extent, in the areas of taxation and privatization of the infrastructure sectors. These indices allow comparisons through time, between areas and countries. However, they are inadequate in measuring structural policies in Argentina and Venezuela during the decade of 2000 because some of the heterodox policies adopted by these countries are not covered by the indices.

Suggested Citation

  • Eduardo Lora, 2012. "Structural reform in Latin America: What has been reformed and how it can be quantified (updated Version)," Research Department Publications 4809, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4809
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    Cited by:

    1. Mendez-Guerra, Carlos, 2014. "On the Development Gap between Latin America and East Asia: Welfare, Efficiency, and Misallocation," MPRA Paper 62588, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Bird, Richard M. & Zolt, Eric M., 2015. "Fiscal Contracting in Latin America," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 323-335.
    3. Arabage, Amanda Cappellazzo & Souza, André Portela Fernandes de, 2015. "Labor earnings dynamics in post-stabilization Brazil," Textos para discussão 390, FGV EESP - Escola de Economia de São Paulo, Fundação Getulio Vargas (Brazil).
    4. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2020. "Internet and tax reform in developing countries," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    5. Carlos Montoro & Liliana Rojas-Suarez, 2015. "Credit in Times of Stress: Lessons from Latin America during the Global Financial Crisis," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 19(2), pages 309-327, May.
    6. Jean-François Brun & Sèna Kimm Gnangnon, 2019. "Tax reform, public revenue and public revenue instability in developing countries: Does development aid matter?," CERDI Working papers halshs-02089734, HAL.
    7. Ramona Coman & Amandine Crespy & Frederik Ponjaert & Vivien Schmidt & Pierre Vanheuverzwijn, 2016. "Issue on EU Economic Governance," CEVIPOL Working Papers 5, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    8. Marco Carreras, 2023. "Fostering Innovation Activities with the Support of a Development Bank: Evidence from Brazil 2003–2011," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 35(3), pages 545-578, June.
    9. Juan A. Bogliaccini & Juan Pablo Luna, 2016. "Deflecting my burden, hindering redistribution: How elites influence tax legislation in Latin America," Working Paper Series UNU-WIDER Working Paper w, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    10. Maria-Isabel Ayuda & Ignacio Belloc & Vicente Pinilla, 2022. "Export Boom and Re-Primarisation in Latin America (1994-2019): Determining Factors of Agri-Food Product Exports," Documentos de Trabajo (DT-AEHE) 2206, Asociación Española de Historia Económica.
    11. Mateo Hoyos, 2022. "Did the trade liberalization of the 1990s really boost economic growth? a critical replication of Estevadeordal and Taylor (2013)," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 63(1), pages 525-548, July.
    12. Juan A. Bogliaccini & Juan Pablo Luna, 2016. "Deflecting my burden, hindering redistribution: How elites influence tax legislation in Latin America," WIDER Working Paper Series 092, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • H20 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - General
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O20 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - General

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