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Desigualdad, democracia y persistencia: ¿existe una curva Kuznets política?

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  • Alberto Chong

Abstract

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) El propósito de este trabajo es ofrecer elementos empíricos de juicio amplios sobre teorías recientes que vinculen la democracia con la desigualdad del ingreso durante el período de 1960 a 1995. En regresiones sencillas entre países se halló un vínculo monotónico entre estas dos variables al emplear cuadrados mínimos ordinarios, variables instrumentales y pruebas de Eusufzai. Dado que estos resultados no se pueden tomar como hallazgos de series temporales verdaderas, aunque teorías recientes que explican dicho vínculo sí lo son, también se emplean métodos recientes aplicados a modelos dinámicos a datos de panel. Estas técnicas permiten explicar problemas potenciales de simultaneidad y heterogeneidad. Empleando la metodología econométrica preferida, también se halla apoyo a la existencia de una curva Kuznets política. Además, parece que la desigualdad del ingreso es incondicionalmente persistente. Los resultados se verifican para dos variables sustitutivas distintas de democracia y cuando se aplica un análisis de sensibilidad.

Suggested Citation

  • Alberto Chong, 2001. "Desigualdad, democracia y persistencia: ¿existe una curva Kuznets política?," Research Department Publications 4254, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4254
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