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Zwischen Meritokratie und Wohlfahrtschauvinismus

Author

Listed:
  • Karl Beyer

    (Institute for Comprehensive Analysis of the Economy, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria)

  • Stephan Puehringer

    (Institute for Comprehensive Analysis of the Economy, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria)

  • Markus Griesser

    (Institute for Comprehensive Analysis of the Economy, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria)

Abstract

Die im Dezember 2017 angelobte OEVP/FPOE-Koalition formulierte in ihrem Regierungsprogramm weitreichende Reformvorhaben im Bereich der Arbeitsmarkt- und Sozialpolitik. Waehrend die Umsetzung vieler dieser Vorhaben am vorzeitigen Ende der Regierung im Mai 2019 scheiterte, erfuhren andere eine Realisierung. Im Rahmen des Papers wollen wir uns mit drei dieser Reformen in der Arbeitszeitpolitik ("Zwoelfstundentag"), Arbeitsmarktpolitik (Sistierung der 'Aktion 20.000') sowie Sozialhilfepolitik (Sozialhilfe-Grundsatzgesetz) beschaeftigen. Den Hintergrund dafuer bildet die Debatte um sogenannte Populist Radical Right (PRR)-Parteien und ihr sozial- und arbeitsmarktpolitisches Profil beim Eintritt in eine Koalitionsregierung mit buergerlich-wirtschaftsliberalen Parteien. Besagter Debatte zufolge stehen PRR-Parteien in diesem Kontext naemlich vor dem Dilemma, 'whom to betray' (Alexandre Afonso) - ihre (i.d.R. 'Sozialstaats-kritischen') Koalitionspartner oder ihre (i.d.R. 'Sozialstaats-affinen') WaehlerInnen. Vor diesem Hintergrund fragen wir danach, welche theoretisch abgeleiteten Deutungsrahmen bzw. Frames in der medialen Debatte um die angesprochenen Reformen eine Rolle spielen: Wie werden also auf Regierungsseite, aber auch aufseiten oppositioneller Kraefte die angesprochenen Reformen diskursiv gerahmt, welche konkreten AkteurInnen bzw. Diskurskoalitionen treten medial in Erscheinung und wo verlaufen die zentralen Konfliktlinien in den Diskussionen um eine Reform der Sozial- und Arbeitsmarktpolitik? Um diese Fragen zu beantworten wurde in softwaregestuetzter Form (MAXQDA) eine kritische Diskursanalyse der medialen Debatten zu den dargelegten Reformen durchgefuehrt. Dabei fokussierten wir auf drei oesterreichische Tageszeitungen (Der Standard, Die Presse, Neue Kronen Zeitung) im Zeitraum zwischen Dezember 2017 und Mai 2019. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass die diskursive Rahmung in den drei Politikfeldern weitreichende Differenzen aufweist: Waehrend der Regierungsdiskurs in der Sozialhilfepolitik etwa zentral durch nativistische und autoritaere Frames bestimmt ist, dominieren in der Arbeitsmarktpolitik staerker neoliberale Frames, welche die Unzulaenglichkeiten staatlicher Steuerungsprozesse kritisieren und ihr die behauptete Effizienz des Marktes entgegenstellen. Wie dargelegt wird, verweisen diese divergierenden Deutungsrahmen auf unterschiedliche Legitimationsformen, mit deren Hilfe die Reformen gegenueber verschiedenen AkteurInnen begruendet und gerechtfertigt werden sollen.

Suggested Citation

  • Karl Beyer & Stephan Puehringer & Markus Griesser, 2020. "Zwischen Meritokratie und Wohlfahrtschauvinismus," ICAE Working Papers 109, Johannes Kepler University, Institute for Comprehensive Analysis of the Economy.
    • Handle: RePEc:ico:wpaper:109
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dani Rodrik, 2018. "Populism and the economics of globalization," Journal of International Business Policy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 1(1), pages 12-33, June.
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    3. Mary V. Wrenn, 2014. "The Social Ontology of Fear and Neoliberalism," Review of Social Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 72(3), pages 337-353, September.
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