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Vergleichende Analyse von Länderarbeitsmärkten : Länderstudie Thüringen

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  • Farhauer, Oliver
  • Granato, Nadia
  • Dietrich, Ingrid

Abstract

"Die Studie untersucht die Beschäftigungsentwicklung in Thüringen und ist ein Teilprojekt der vergleichenden Analyse von Länderarbeitsmärkten (VALA). VALA analysiert die Prozesse auf den regionalen Arbeitsmärkten mit dem Ziel, die Determinanten der stark divergierenden Entwicklungen zu identifizieren. Als theoretische Grundlagen der Untersuchung werden hauptsächlich die Ansätze zum regionalen Strukturwandel und zur neuen Regionalökonomie herangezogen. Dabei werden unterschiedliche regionale Einheiten wie Kreise, siedlungsstrukturelle Typen und Bundesländer gleichzeitig über einen längeren Zeitraum betrachtet. Die verwendeten Daten stammen aus der Beschäftigtenstatistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit und decken für die östlichen Bundesländer den Zeitraum zwischen 1995 und 2001 ab. Die deskriptiven Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Beschäftigung in Thüringen zwischen 1995 und 2001 jährlich um durchschnittlich 1,9 Prozent gesunken ist. Obwohl die Beschäftigungsentwicklung in Thüringen rückläufig ist, hat sie sich trotzdem deutlich besser entwickelt als in Ostdeutschland insgesamt (-2,5 Prozent). Im Vergleich zwischen den neuen Bundesländern weist Thüringen die günstigste Entwicklung auf. Wählt man als Referenzraum aber die alten Länder, so liegt Thüringen hinter dem schlechtesten westdeutschen Bundesland (Bremen: -1,0 Prozent). Auf Kreisebene zeigt sich, dass in 20 der 23 Kreise Thüringens ein Rückgang der Beschäftigung festzustellen ist, wobei gravierende regionale Niveauunterschiede existieren. Die höchste Abnahme verzeichnete Gera (-4,4 Prozent), während der Wartburgkreis (0,5 Prozent) den größten Zuwachs erzielen konnte. Aus theoretischer Sicht sind als wichtigste Determinanten der Beschäftigungsentwicklung das Qualifikationsniveau der Beschäftigten, die Lohnstruktur, die Verteilung der Branchen und Betriebsgrößen zu nennen. Im ostdeutschen Vergleich ist Thüringen durch einen überdurchschnittlichen Anteil Hochqualifizierter, ein unterdurchschnittliches Lohnniveau und einen überdurchschnittlichen Anteil an kleineren und mittleren Betrieben geprägt. Die drei Branchen mit den höchsten Beschäftigtenanteilen sind das Baugewerbe, der Handel und die Gebietskörperschaften und Sozialversicherungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Suggested Citation

  • Farhauer, Oliver & Granato, Nadia & Dietrich, Ingrid, 2005. "Vergleichende Analyse von Länderarbeitsmärkten : Länderstudie Thüringen," IAB-Regional. Berichte und Analysen aus dem Regionalen Forschungsnetz. IAB Sachsen-Anhalt-Thüringen 200502, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    • Handle: RePEc:iab:iabrst:200502
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    References listed on IDEAS

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